关中平原农田生态系统不同秸秆还田模式的能值分析  

Emergy analysis of agricultural models of straw returning in the central Shaanxi plain

作　　者：蒋碧[1] 李明[1] 吴喜慧[1] 佟小刚[1] 吴发启[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2012年第6期178-185,共8页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑项目(2012BAD14B11)

摘　　要：作物秸秆的焚烧或闲置,不仅造成了严重的大气污染,而且造成秸秆资源的极大浪费。应用生态经济系统能值分析理论与方法,分析了9种不同秸秆还田组合模式的能值效益。结果表明,(1)各处理模式的不可更新工业辅助能值投入占系统总能值投入的比重最大,其中化肥能值投入比重最高。(2)能值产出方面,小麦秸秆高留茬-玉米秸秆粉碎还田(WH-MC)模式的产出水平最高,达到7.60×1015sej/(hm2.a)。(3)小麦秸秆高留茬-玉米秸秆粉碎还田(WH-MC)模式的净能值产出率最高、环境负载率最低、能值反馈率最大、产投比最大,分别为2.52、1.13、75.90%和1.39。小麦秸秆高留茬-玉米秸秆粉碎还田(WH-MC)是该区域种植业最优的秸秆还田模式,可以大力推广。Crop straws burning or idling not only caused serious air pollution, but also caused a tremendous waste of resources. Therefore the straw recycling research gets more and more attention. Based on the theory and method of emergy analysis of eco - economic system, the emergy flow of 9 different straw returning models was investigated quantitatively through a series of indexes. The results showed that, input of nonrenewable industrial emergy in all models was the largest contributor to the total emergy inputs, and input of chemical fertilizer emergy had the biggest proportion. Emergy output of wheat straw and maize crushing and returning （WH - MC） was the highest of 7.60 × 10^15 sej/（hm2·a）. The emergy utilization efficiency of the high stubble wheat straw and maize crushing and returning （WH- MC） was the highest while the environmental loading ratio was the lowest, and the feedback and value to cost ratio were the highest, reaching 2.52%, 1.13%, 75.90% and 1.39 respectively. Therefore, the mode of the high stubble mulch of wheat,and corn straw chopping is the optimal model in planting production in this area and should be widely popularized

关 键 词：秸秆还田 生产模式 能值分析 关中平原 

分 类 号：S181[农业科学—农业基础科学]