新时期汉语新语素考察与分析  

The Investigation and Analysis of New Chinese Morphemes in Modern Era

作　　者：曹起[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学文学院,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《语言文字应用》2012年第4期10-19,共10页Applied Linguistics

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学规划基金项目(11YJA740101);辽宁省创新团队项目(2009T001)的资助

摘　　要：新时期汉语的新语素主要是从新词语中提取出来的。从来源看,新语素有他源性的,也有自源性的。外来新语素尤其音译外来语素是新时期汉语新语素的主要来源。音译外来语素根据其音节结构的变化情况可分为原形语素和变异语素。外来变异语素主要表现为无义音节的语素化。汉语语素以单音节为主,但新时期汉语新语素却是多音节语素占多数。简缩是新时期汉语单音语素产生的重要途径。新语素与新词语是共生的,新语素将伴随它所组成的新词语而存在或隐退。新语素中存在同义、异体、多义、同音等现象。New Chinese morphemes in the modern era are mainly extracted from new words. The sources can be classified into external and internal ones. The former, especially the transliterated morphemes, serves as the main source. According to its syllabic variation, transliterated morphemes could be further categorized into original morphemes and variation morphemes, the latter of which is characterized by a morpheme-based process of its meaningless syllable. Though Chinese morphemes are mainly single syllable, yet multiple syllables take a great part in new modern morphemes. Abbreviation becomes an important tool to create single syllable morpheme in modern era. New morpheme co-exists with new words, and it would, in turn, exist or disappear with the latter. Synonymy, variant, polysemy, homophony are the features of new morphemes.

关 键 词：新语素 外来语素 原形语素 变异语素 语素化 

分 类 号：H136[语言文字—汉语]