计划生育门诊医务人员对开展主动提供HIV检测与咨询服务的可接受性及影响因素研究  

Medical professionals' acceptability for providing HIV testing and consulting service in family planning clinic

作　　者：陈少凡[1] 刘玉玲[1] 冯琪[1] 韩春艳[1] 叶建[1] 张秀峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]深圳市南山区计划生育服务中心,广东深圳518051

出　　处：《中国性科学》2012年第11期57-61,共5页Chinese Journal of Human Sexuality

基　　金：广东省人口和计划生育委员会2010年科研课题立项(2010317)

摘　　要：目的:探讨在计划生育门诊中开展医务人员主动提供HIV检测与咨询(PITC)服务的可接受性及影响因素。方法:采用对计划生育门诊医务人员进行问卷调查和深入访谈的定性和定量相结合的描述性研究方法。结果:医务人员知识点知晓率差距较大,对艾滋病基础知识知晓率较高,正确率均在90.00%以上;而专业知识知晓率相对较低。85.00%的医务人员愿意主动为就诊患者提供艾滋病检测和咨询的服务,15.00%不愿意者其原因是因为"工作忙,没时间"(66.67%)和"没有必要"(33.33%)。医务人员认为在计划生育门诊开展PITC服务需要的条件有"独立的场所"(85.00%),"经过艾滋病知识培训的专业人员"(80.00%),"有国家政策支持和医院领导支持"(70.00%)等。90.00%的医务人员认为在计划生育门诊开展PITC服务的有利因素是就诊者以接受计划生育服务的常规方式了解自己的HIV感染状况,可以避免就诊者的"羞辱感"和"不方便",减少歧视。医务人员认为在计划生育门诊开展PITC服务存在的困难依次是"缺乏艾滋病专业防治知识及咨询技巧"(80.00%);"工作忙,没时间"(75.00%);"无安全保密的环境"(70.00%);"缺乏政策依据与操作规范"(70.00%);"存在社会歧视"(50.00%)等。本中心门诊开展PITC服务一年,咨询率从44.26%提高到72.40%,HIV检测率从11.64%提高到23.15%,有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论:计划生育门诊医务人员开展PITC服务是可行的,能明显提高就诊者的HIV检测率;缺乏艾滋病专业防治知识及咨询技巧、医护人员的工作量大、无安全保密的环境、缺乏政策支持和专用经费等是不利于医务人员开展PITC服务的影响因素。Objectives： To investigate the medical staff＇ s acceptability for providing HIV testing and consulting （PITC） services in family planning clinic and the related influencing factors. Method： Interviews and questionnaires were administered to medical professionals in family planning clinics. Results： Over 90% of medical professionals have a basic command of AIDS Knowledge, but only a small proportion of them acquired specialized AIDS knowledge. About 85% of the medical professionals are willing to provide patients with the HIV testing and consulting services initiatively, while 15% were unwilling to do so because ＂they are busy in their work, and short of time＂ （66.67%） or ＂they consider it unnecessary＂ （ 33.33% ）. The medical profes- sionals think the essential conditions for providing consulting services include the ＂＇ private space＂, ＂professionals receiving spe- cialized HIV knowledge training＂ （ 80.00% ） and ＂support from national policy and leaders of hospital＂ （70.00%）. Since PITC service was carried out in our clinic last year, the consultation rate increased from 44.26% to 72.40%, the HIV examination rate increased from 11.64% to 23. 15% , the differences being statistically significant （ P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion： Providing PITCservice by the medical professionals in family planning clinics is feasible. It can significantly increase patients＇ HIV examination rate. The influencing factors for providing consulting services include medical professionals＇ lack of specialized AIDS knowledge and necessary consultation skills, heavy workload, lack of private consultation spaces, lack of policy support and special funds.

关 键 词：计划生育门诊 医务人员 主动提供HIV检测咨询(PITC) 影响因素 

分 类 号：R169.42[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]