2012年上半年国际大石油公司经营业绩及近期发展动向  

Performance of major international oil companies in the first half of 2012 and their trend in the near future

作　　者：彭仕云[1] 苏穗燕[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋石油总公司能源经济研究院 [2]中国石油集团经济技术研究院

出　　处：《国际石油经济》2012年第9期22-27,103-104,共6页International Petroleum Economics

摘　　要：2012年上半年,世界经济疲软,国际大石油公司经营业绩普遍下滑,表现在:主营业务利润出现较大幅度下降;油气产量继续下降;低迷的美国天然气价格影响各公司上游经营利润,但下游盈利差异明显;资本支出与上年基本持平,下游投资有所回升;各公司通过加强营运资金管理,财务状况保持稳健,资本负债率有所下降。从发展动向看,对上游资源的掌控仍然是各大石油公司的重中之重,进军新的油气领域成为一种趋势;剥离风险较大的上游业务,转向非常规油气资源的开发,致密油交易成为热点;大力发展天然气业务,天然气所占比例逐渐增加;调整资产结构,增强下游业务的盈利性;继续谨慎介入新能源和可再生能源业务;国际大石油公司与国家石油公司、独立石油公司的竞争格局正在发生变化。In the first half of 2012, as the world economy was weak, there was a widespread decline in the performance of major international oil companies. The net profits of their main businesses fell sharply and oil and gas output continued to drop. Low gas prices in the US influenced the upstream operating profits of all companies, but the difference in downstream profitability was significant, with capital expenditure basically being equal to that of last year, while downstream investment rose again. The companies strengthened their management of operating capital to maintain steady financial conditions. As a result, the capital debt ratio reduced somewhat. With respect to the trend, control of upstream resources remains the top priority of major oil companies and they are tending to seek new oil and gas fields. They are divesting themselves of risky upstream businesses, and mitigating asset portfolio risks. In addition, they are becoming more active in mergers and acquisitions of unconventional oil and gas assets in North America, devoting greater efforts to developing natural gas business and gradually increasing the percentage of natural gas, and adjusting asset structures and enhancing the profitability of downstream business. The pattern of competition is changing among major international oil companies, national oil companies and independent oil companies.

关 键 词：国际大石油公司 经营业绩 发展动向 埃克森美孚 BP 壳牌 雪佛龙 道达尔 2012年上半年 

分 类 号：F416.22[经济管理—产业经济]