广东粤语族群汉族体质特征  

Physical characteristics of Cantonese Han people in Guangdong

作　　者：李玉玲[1] 陆舜华[1] 陈琛[1] 高广嵩[1] 曹瑜[1] 国海 郑连斌[2] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古师范大学生命科学与技术学院,呼和浩特010022 [2]天津师范大学生命科学学院,天津300387

出　　处：《解剖学报》2012年第6期837-845,共9页Acta Anatomica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(30830062)

摘　　要：目的探讨广东粤语族群汉族的体质特征。方法调查了广东省茂名地区452名(男195,女257)城市汉族和839名(男347,女492)乡村汉族成人的83项体质指标,计算了24项体质指数,统计了指数分型情况。结果广东粤语族群汉族男女上眼睑皱褶、蒙古褶率较低,眼裂窄且多呈眼外角高。鼻根高度中等,直鼻梁,鼻基部水平,鼻翼中等,鼻孔最大径水平。上唇皮肤高度中等,红唇较薄。发色黑,眼色多为黑褐色或褐色,男性肤色较女性深。广东粤语族群汉族男女均以中头型、高头型、狭头型、中鼻型、中面型或狭面型、长躯干型、亚短腿型至中腿型、窄肩型出现率最高,男性还以中胸型、中骨盆型至宽骨盆型出现率最高,女性还以宽胸型、窄骨盆型出现率最高。城市男性平均身高1657.0mm,以高身材率最高,乡村男性平均身高1644.4mm,以中等或亚中等型最多;城、乡女性平均身高分别为1536.8mm,1530.6mm,均以亚中等类型最多。结论广东粤语汉族的体质特征与江西汉族最接近,保留了北方族群的部分体质特征。Objective To study the physical characteristics of Cantonese Han people. Methods In Maoming area of Guangdong province, eighty-three physical characteristics of 454 urban adults （195 males and 257 females） and 839 rural adults （347 males and 492 females ） of Han were investigated. Twenty-four physical indices and their distributions were calculated and analyzed. Results The percentage of the eye fold of the upper eyelid and the percentage of the mongoloid fold were low. The eye slits were thin, and in direction of them, external angles were mostly higher than internal angles. The nasal root height was of medium-type. The nasal profile was straight. The nasal base was level. The height and breadth of alae nasi and the height of the upper lip skin were of medium-type. The maximal diameter of nostrils was horizontal. Thickness of lips was thin. Hair color was black and eye color was black brown or brown. Skin color was darker for males than that of females. Typical physical characteristics of Cantonese Han in Guangdong were mesocephalic types and hypsicephalie, leptocephalic, mesorrhiny, mesoprosopy or leptoprosopy, long trunk, subbrachyskelic type to mesatiskelic type. In addition, males were medium chest circumference, medium or broad distance between iliac crests, and females were broad chest circumference and narrow distance between iliac crests. Regarding the typical stature, the urban men were high-sized stature, the rural men were medium or sub-middle stature, and females were sub-middle stature. Conclusion The physical characteristics of Cantonese Han people in Guangdong are close to that of the Han people in Jiangxi with part of physical characteristics of the North ethnic groups.

关 键 词：广东 粤语 体质特征 活体测量 汉族 

分 类 号：Q984[生物学—人类学]