海相碳酸盐岩储层成岩作用对岩石波速的影响  

Impacts of the Diagenesis of Marine Carbonate Reservoir on Seismic Velocity

作　　者：刘鲁文[1] 荣辉[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学数学与物理学院,武汉430074 [2]中国地质大学资源学院,武汉430074

出　　处：《地质科技情报》2012年第6期129-133,共5页Geological Science and Technology Information

基　　金：中国石油化工集团公司项目(2006026015);教育部构造与油气资源重点实验室开放基金项目(YQ2006KF18);中国石油化工集团公司前瞻性项目专题(2007026230);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金优秀青年教师基金项目(CUGL110237)

摘　　要：海相碳酸盐岩储层在孔隙度—波速转化关系中,对于给定的孔隙度,岩石波速呈现明显的波动。这种现象的根源在于碳酸盐岩的复杂成岩作用,它可引起储层地震解释和反演的多解性。因此,对于海相碳酸盐岩油气勘探而言,建立成岩作用与岩石波速之间的预测关系是极为重要的。综述了国内外有关成岩作用与地震波速之间关系的研究成果,为了解成岩作用过程中岩石波速的变化行为奠定了一定的基础。研究发现,成岩历史、孔隙类型、白云石类型的差异均可造成碳酸盐岩储层波速对于给定的孔隙度出现明显波动:在孔隙度一定的情况下,经历早期胶结作用的储层波速低于经历早期压实作用的储层波速,以微孔隙为主的储层波速明显低于以铸模孔隙或骨架内孔隙为主的储层波速,砂糖状白云石储层波速低于具有白云石胶结物的储层波速。在此基础上,以四川盆地飞仙关组鲕粒滩为例,通过地震剖面模拟实验发现,与优质储层形成有关的成岩相在地震剖面上响应明显,地震反射表现为连续性好、振幅强,这说明根据地震资料进行储层成岩相的预测是可行的。建议今后应加强成岩作用与岩石波速之间关系的研究,为国内深部海相碳酸盐岩油气勘探提供指导。In the conversion relationship between porosity and wave velocity, the rock wave velocity of ma-rine carbonate rocks reservoir fluctuates distinctly under given porosity. This phenomenon arises from the complex diagenesis of carbonate rocks, which would lead to the multiplicity of inversion and interpretation for seismic reservoir. Therefore, it is of great significance to establish a predictable relationship between diagenesis and the rock wave velocity in the process of prospecting oil and gas in marine carbonate rocks. In this thesis, research findings about the relationship between diagenesis and seismic velocity home and a-broad have been collected, which lays a foundation for exploring the variation of rock wave velocity in dia-genesis process. Through these research findings, we also found that differences in diagenetic history, pore type and dolomite type would give rise to distinct fluctuation of rock wave velocity under given porosi- ty. On this base, we conducted a simulated experiment of seismic section on the Feixianguan Formation oolitic beach in Sichuan Basin. We discovered that it is feasible for us to predict reservoir diagenetic facies according to seismic data. We suggest that we intensify our research on the relationship between diagenesis and the rock wave velocity from now on, so as to provide some guidance for China＇s exploration of oil and gas in deep marine carbonate rocks.

关 键 词：碳酸盐岩储层 岩石波速 成岩作用 

分 类 号：P618.130.21[天文地球—矿床学]