(WC+B_4C)_p/6063Al复合材料的制备工艺研究  

Preparation of(WC+B_4C)_p/6063Al Composites by Vacuum Hot-Pressing

作　　者：孙波[1] 毛昌辉[1] 甘斌 杨剑[1] 汪山山[1] 马书旺[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京有色金属研究总院先进电子材料研究所,北京100088 [2]中国核动力设计研究院,四川成都610041

出　　处：《稀有金属》2012年第6期1015-1020,共6页Chinese Journal of Rare Metals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点基金资助(50932001)项目

摘　　要：采用真空热压法制备了一种具有屏蔽效能的(WC+B4C)p/6063Al复合材料,在不同温度下热压制备复合材料的圆柱坯料,再将热压后的圆柱坯料以15∶1挤压比热挤压,接着将挤压后的材料进行固溶强化和T4时效处理。通过热压坯锭致密度和二次加工后拉伸性能的比较、XRD和SEM、TEM分析,研究复合材料的力学性能影响因素。坯料致密度的研究结果表明:与冷压成型后真空烧结的坯锭相比,真空热压制备的坯锭致密度大大提高,由71%提升至96%以上;界面反应研究表明:提高热压温度有利于烧结致密,但过高时出现界面反应产物。在低于630℃热压,无明显的界面反应发生;630～650℃热压,反应产物WAl12的衍射峰开始逐渐增强;抗拉强度研究表明:540℃热压的坯锭经热挤压和T4热处理后组织致密韧窝细小呈明显的韧性断裂特征、力学性能较好,抗拉强度达315 MPa,延伸率为13.5%。（WC ＋ B4C）p/6063A1 composites used as shielding materials against ray radiation were fabricated by a vacuum hot-pressing technique under different temperatures. The composites were extruded under 15：1 extrusion ratio, then solution treatment and natural aging were carried out. Means of X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscope （ SEM ） and transmission electron microscope （TEM） were used to investigate property of the composites, the density, comparison of tensile test. The results showed that the density of composites fabricated by vacuum hot-pressing process increased largely, from 71% to 96%, as compared with vacuum sintering after cold-pressing process. The results of interface reactions showed that no visible interface reactions were observed when composites were hot-pressed under 630 ℃. While diffraction peak of WAll2 gradually increased at 630 - 650℃. The results of the microstructure showed that composites fabricated at 540 ℃ after hot extrusion and T4 heat treatment were of high compactness and uniform while mechanical properties reached tensile strength of 320 MPa and elongation 13.5%.

关 键 词：铝基复合材料 真空热压 力学性能 

分 类 号：TG146.21[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]