北京市丰台区麻疹疫苗强化免疫前后流行病学特征  

Epidemiological characteristics of measles before and after supplementary immunization in Fengtai District of Beijing

作　　者：毛雯雯[1] 张东彦[1] 王中战[1] 张建军[1] 赵建忠[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市丰台区疾病预防控制中心免疫预防科,100071

出　　处：《职业与健康》2012年第21期2579-2582,共4页Occupation and Health

基　　金：北京市委;市政府重点工作及区县政府应急项目预启动(项目编号:Z111107056811042)

摘　　要：目的分析北京市丰台区麻疹疫苗强化免疫前后疫情特征变化,评价强化免疫效果,为实现消除麻疹行动计划提供对策依据。方法通过描述流行病学分析2010年强化免疫前后麻疹发病的三间分布特征。结果 2008—2010年共报告麻疹确珍病例1 086例,强化免疫后丰台区麻疹发病率明显下降,2008—2010年平均发病率为21.5/10万,2011年下降至0.6/10万;病例在城乡散在分布,多为流动人口,主要由1岁以内儿童病例(30.1%)和15岁以上成人病例(55.5%)组成。结论丰台区麻疹疫苗初始强化免疫效果非常显著,麻疹人群流行病学特征已发生重大变化,需对重点人群采取针对性措施巩固强化免疫成果,实现消除麻疹目标。[Objective] To analyze the changes of epidemiological characteristics of measles before and after supplementary immunization in Fengtai District of Beijing,evaluate the effect of supplementary immunization,and provide the basis for measles elimination plan.[Methods]The distribution characteristics of time,regional and population of measles before and after supplementary immunization in 2010 were analyzed by descriptive epidemiology.[Results]During 2008-2010,a total of 1 086 cases of measles were reported.The incidence rates of measles have decreased significantly after supplementary immunization.The average incidence rate was 21.5/lakh during 2008-2010,and it reduced to 0.6/lakh in 2011.Cases were dispersedly reported in urban and rural areas,and most of them were floating population.30.1% of patients were children under 12 months,and 55.5% were people over 15 years old.[Conclusion]The initial supplementary immunization of measles vaccine has great effect in Fengtai District,and the epidemiological characteristics of measles have changed significantly.In order to achieve the goal of measles elimination,it is necessary to carry out the special measures in key population to consolidate achievement.

关 键 词：麻疹疫苗 初始强化免疫 效果评价 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]