对汞危害防治理念与汞中毒诊断标准的新认知  

New recognition on control concept of mercury hazards and diagnostic criteria of mercury poisoning

作　　者：郝克文[1] 郭友东[1] 黄蓉[1] 余素娥[1] 金环荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖北省荆州市疾病预防控制中心职业病防治所,434000

出　　处：《职业与健康》2012年第22期2825-2827,共3页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：汞作为职业病危害因素的一种重金属高毒物质,因其具有刺激性、免疫致病性、肾脏毒性、神经毒性、口腔毒性等,对劳动者的健康与安全危害较强,严重者可致中毒。对于汞危害的防治,历来是国家职业卫生与职业医学的主要任务,也是党和政府为保护广大劳动者健康与安全,立法开展的职业病防治工作之一。立于国情,先前只从职业性汞危害的角度制定了防治法规和诊断标准,对非职业性汞危害防治、诊断的问题有所疏漏。为此,作者从非职业性汞危害与非职业性汞中毒诊断的层面,通过文献复习及工作实践获得的一些新认知做一综述。Mercury is a heavy metal toxic substance of occupation hazard factor,which has irritation,immune pathogenicity,renal toxicity,neurotoxicity and oral toxicity,it may cause serious harm to health and safety of workers,and the serious should induce poisoning.The control and prevention of mercury hazards has always been the major task of occupational health and occupational medicine in China,and mercury hazards is one of occupational diseases that government make a law to ensure the health and safety of workers.Based on the national conditions,there are only prevention regulations and diagnostic criteria according to occupational mercury hazards in the foretime,and is lack of prevention and diagnosis of non-occupational mercury hazards.Therefore,the authors review the new recognition of non-occupational hazards of mercury and diagnosis of non-occupational mercury poisoning by literature review and working practice.

关 键 词：汞 职业性危害 非职业性危害 中毒 防治 诊断 新认知 

分 类 号：R135.1[医药卫生—劳动卫生]