482例药品不良反应报告相关因素分析与对策  

Correlation Factors of Adverse Drug Reactions and Countermeasures: Analysis of 482 Cases

作　　者：许江涛[1] 蔡昭和[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建医科大学教学医院宁德市医院,福建宁德352100

出　　处：《中国医院用药评价与分析》2012年第10期941-944,共4页Evaluation and Analysis of Drug-use in Hospitals of China

摘　　要：目的:分析宁德市医院药品不良反应(ADR)发生的相关因素特点及规律,为临床合理用药提供对策。方法:对我院2009—2011年收集到的482例ADR报告进行统计分析。结果:482例ADR报告中共涉及药品166种,男性发生率(265例,占54.98%)略高于女性(217例,占45.02%);60岁以上患者发生ADR的比例最高(144例,占29.87%);静脉滴注给药途径最易引发ADR(295例,占59.48%);抗感染药引发的ADR例数最多(197例,占37.03%);ADR累及器官和(或)系统以皮肤及其附件损害最为常见(165例,占30.05%);严重的ADR有16例(占3.32%);所有ADR均治愈和好转。结论:ADR发生与多种因素有关。医疗机构应完善医、药、护合作的ADR监测体系,加强ADR监测,发挥临床药师用药监护作用,合理用药,减少或避免ADR的发生。OBJECTIVE： To analyze the characteristics the regularity of the related factors of adverse drug reactions（ADRs） in Ningde Municipal Hospital so as to provide references for clinical safe and rational medication.METHODS： 482 ADR cases collected in Ningde Municipal Hospital from 2009 to 2011 were analyzed statistically.RESULTS： 166 drugs were involved in the 482 ADR cases;males（265 cases,54.98%） showed slightly higher proportion than did females（217 cases,45.02%）;patients aged over 60 years showed the highest proportion（144 cases,29.87%）;the ADRs were mostly induced via intravenous drip infusion（295 cases,accounting for 59.48%） and most often induced by anti-infective drugs（197 cases,37.03%）;lesions of skin and its appendages were the most common clinical manifestations of ADR（165 cases,30.05 %）;there were 16 severe ADR cases（3.32%）.All of the ADRs were cured or took a favorable turn.CONCLUSION： The occurrence of ADR is associated with many factors.Medical institutions should improve the ADR monitoring system in which there is cooperation of physicians,pharmacists and nurses,strengthen ADR monitoring,bring clinical pharmacists＇ role into full play in the drug monitoring and achieve rational use of drugs in order to reduce or avoid the occurrence of the ADR.

关 键 词：药品不良反应 分析 相关因素 合理用药 对策 

分 类 号：R969.3[医药卫生—药理学]