幕流-气力窄板式穴盘育苗精密播种机设计与试验  

Design and Experiment on the Curtain-fall and Narrow Air-suction Board Precision Seeder for Tray Raising Seedlings

作　　者：陈书法[1] 张石平[1] 陈劲松[1] 李耀明[2] 

机构地区：[1]淮海工学院机械工程学院,江苏连云港222005 [2]江苏大学,现代农业装备与技术省部共建教育部重点实验室,江苏镇江212013

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2012年第6期893-898,共6页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51105162);江苏大学现代农业装备与技术省部共建教育部重点实验室开放基金项目(NZ2008-05);江苏省农机三项工程项目(NJ2010-17);淮海工学院自然基金项目(Z201005)

摘　　要：针对宽吸种盘结构的振动气力式穴盘育苗精密播种技术存在吸种与生产率不高,功耗与噪音大等问题,基于幕流—气力式吸排种原理,设计了一种新型窄吸种板结构的精密播种机,介绍了整机结构与工作原理,研究设计了幕流稳流控制装置、吸种和气力分配组件的关键结构。播种机播种试验结果表明:利用精密播种装置自身振动的幕流—气力式播种技术有利于改善吸种运动,吸种率接近100%;单行多孔组窄吸种板结构设计,可提高吸排种运动的连续性,扩大播种应用范围至异型种子,每小时播种量高达800盘;整机设计满足高速、高效、低功耗精密播种工作要求。Based on the curtain-fall and air-suction precision seeding principle, a new precision seeder with narrow suction board was designed to solve the problems of low sucking seed rate and productivity, high power consumption and noise existed in vibration air-suction precision seeding technology for raising seedling with wide suction board, the whole structure and working mecha- nism of the seeder were introduced, the key structures of the curtain-fall controlling device, suck- ing seed and air-distributed parts were determined. Seeding test of the seeder showed that curtain- fall and air-suction precision seeding technology utilizing self-vibration of precision seeding device was beneficial to improve sucking seed action, sucking seed rate was near to 100%, and the nar- row sucking seed board with porous single-line structure could increase the continuity of precision seeding. The scope of the seeder was expanded to the irregular-shaped seeds with seeding rate up to 800 trays/h. In short, the design of the seeder is suitable for precision seeding in high velocity and efficiency, low power consumption.

关 键 词：穴盘育苗 精密播种机 幕流控制 吸种部件 吸种率 

分 类 号：S223.2[农业科学—农业机械化工程]