矿化生活垃圾淋滤液对地下水污染的模拟与荧光光谱识别  

Simulation and Fluorescence Spectra Identification of Groundwater Pollution Casused by Aged Domestic Solid Wastes Leachate

作　　者：曹璐[1] 王志刚[1,2] 封克[1] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学环境科学与工程学院,江苏扬州225127 [2]中国科学院安徽光学精密机械研究所中国科学院环境光学与技术重点实验室,安徽合肥230031

出　　处：《大气与环境光学学报》2012年第6期438-444,共7页Journal of Atmospheric and Environmental Optics

基　　金：中国科学院环境光学与技术重点实验室开放基金(2005DP173065-10-03)资助

摘　　要：通过实验室模拟矿化生活垃圾淋滤液对地下水的污染,分析受污染地下水的三维荧光光谱特征,并利用FRI法(fluorescence regional integration)研究相应的三维荧光光谱组分特征信息,为建立基于光学表征技术的地下水污染监测应用提供理论基础。研究结果如下:淋滤液的三维荧光光谱图中的荧光中心位于E_x/E_m=340nm/420nm,属于可见区类富里酸物质;而地下水有两个明显的荧光中心分别位于E_x/E_m=280 nm/342 nm附近和E_x/E_m=240 nm/446 nm附近,分别属于类色氨酸物质和紫外区类富里酸物质。随着淋滤液污染程度的增加,可见区类富里酸的荧光强度增强,类蛋白物质的荧光强度明显减弱;Ⅲ区(富里酸)的P_(i,n)值无明显变化趋势,而Ⅵ区(腐殖酸)的P_(i,n)值呈现递增趋势。因此,认为通过E_x/E_m=340nm/420 nm附近和E_x/E_m=280 nm/342nm附近的荧光强度比值以及FRI法分区得到的Ⅲ区和Ⅵ区FRI和值的变化可检测出淋滤液对地下水的污染程度。Leachates were obtained for mineralized domestic waste of two different landfill ages with the laboratory leaching device. With the simulation experiment for groundwater pollution by landfill leachates 3-dimensional excitation emission matrix（3DEEM） fluorescence spectra of the groundwater samples which were polluted to different extent were analyzed, all these components in DOM were analyzed using fluores- cence region integration （FRI） method, in order to screen the characteristic pollution marks and provide the probability of groundwater pollution monitoring. The results show that the EEM of leachate is character- ized by a typical fluorescence chromophore loacted at Ex/Em=280 nm/342 nm and Ex/Em=340 nm/420 nm nearby, dominated by kind of fulvic acid of visible range; and the EEMs of groundwater were characterized by two typical fluorescence chromophores loacted at Ex/Em=280 nm/342 nm and Ex/Em=240 nm/446 nm nearby, dominated by kind of protein-like substrance and fulvic acid of ultraviolet range. With the increase in the proportion of leachate, the fluorescence intensity of fulvic acid in visible range （Ex/Em=310 nm/408 nm nearby） increase, and the fluorescence intensity of protein-like substrance decrease. The groundwater pollution of leachate can be detected by analyzing the change of fluorescence intensity in fulvic acid of visible range, fluorescence intensity ratio of Ex/Em=340 nm/420 nm and Ex/Em=280 nm/342 nm or the FRI of Ⅲ region and Ⅵ region.

关 键 词：垃圾淋滤液 地下水 溶解性有机质 三维荧光光谱 

分 类 号：X832[环境科学与工程—环境工程]