运动功能相关的中华鲟和西伯利亚鲟幼鱼侧视形态比较研究  

Study of lateral morphology associated with locomotor function in two sturgeons,Chinese sturgeon(Acipenser sinensis) and Siberian sturgeon(A.baerii)

作　　者：屈艺[1,2] 庄平[1,2] 严娟[1,2] 冯广朋[1] 刘鉴毅[1] 章龙珍[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,农业部东海与远洋渔业资源开发利用重点实验室,上海200090 [2]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2012年第6期8-13,共6页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：农业公益性行业科研专项(201003055-07);上海市长江口中华鲟自然保护区科研专项(2012)

摘　　要：通过选取11个侧视形态特征度量进行主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA),同时设置26个标记点进行相对扭曲分析(relative warp analysis,RWA),比较了中华鲟(Acipenser sinensis)和西伯利亚鲟(A.baerii)幼鱼在侧视形态上的差异以及相对扭曲分析和传统多元分析在鲟鱼形态研究中的优劣。结合前期对它们的有氧游泳能力比较结果(西伯利亚鲟比中华鲟强25%),分析了鲟鱼形态的水动力功能。主成分分析比较表明,中华鲟头长、头高、背鳍前基点之后的躯干高度、尾柄长、背鳍前缘长度均显著大于西伯利亚鲟(P<0.05),而尾鳍上叶显著短于西伯利亚鲟(P<0.05)。相对扭曲分析计算样本的几何信息并可视化统计结果,表明中华鲟的吻厚、吻长、头高、头长、躯干后半段高、背鳍前缘长显著大于西伯利亚鲟,而尾柄长和尾鳍上下叶长显著小于西伯利亚鲟(P<0.001)。上述形态特征直接影响着两种鲟鱼的游泳能力。Eleven lateral morphological characteristic measurements were selected for principal component analysis （PCA）. Twenty six landmarks were set for relative warp analysis （RWA）. Morphological difference of twelve juveniles of Chinese sturgeon and Siberian sturgeon was interpreted. Advantages of relative warp analysis were compared with traditional multivariate analysis. Their hydrodynamic function had been discussed with former data of aerobic swimming performance （ siberian sturgeon had an on average 25 % higher critical swimming speed）. The results of PCA showed that, Chinese sturgeon had a longer and deeper head, deeper posterior trunk, longer caudal peduncle and deeper dorsal fin, but a shorter dorsal lobe of caudal fin （ all P 〈 0. 05 ）, compared with Siberian sturgeon. By calculating geometrie information and visualizing the results of RWA, it was suggested that Chinese sturgeon＇ s snout depth and length, head depth and length, depth of posterior trunk and length of leading edge of dorsal fin were significantly larger than Siberian sturgeon, while its length of caudal peduncle and tail lobes were significantly shorter （ P 〈 0. 001 ）. These morphological differences may partly explain their different swimming performances.

关 键 词：中华鲟(Acipenser sinensis) 西伯利亚鲟(A baerii) 侧视形态 主成分分析 相对扭曲分析 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学] Q959.463.04[生物学—动物学]