大型储油罐区油气抑爆技术探讨  

Discussion on the Oil Gas Explosion Suppression Technology of Large Oil Tank Farm

作　　者：任常兴[1] 马千里 李晋[1] 张网[1] 吕东[1] 

机构地区：[1]公安部天津消防研究所,天津300381 [2]天津市公安消防总队滨海新区消防支队,天津300480

出　　处：《安全与环境工程》2012年第6期122-124,共3页Safety and Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划课题之专题二(2011BAK03B08-02);公安部天津消防研究所基础研究项目(2012SJ-A)

摘　　要：大型油料储罐区火灾事故往往伴随着油气爆炸,对应急救援消防官兵生命安全构成了威胁。本文介绍了物理抑爆剂和化学抑爆剂的油气抑爆机理,重点分析了超细干粉和卤代烃气体抑爆剂的抑爆技术,并以20L球装置进行了抑爆试验。试验结果表明:超细干粉冷气溶胶具有物理和化学抑爆双重作用,且可压缩性高、流动性及弥散性好,对油气环境具有较好的抑爆作用;卤代烃气体1301抑爆剂对油气环境的抑爆效果非常明显,但不是环境友好型抑爆剂。该研究有助于优化油气环境的最佳抑爆条件,对大型储油罐区油气抑爆技术的应用具有实际意义。Fire accidents of large oil tank farm have always occurred with oil-gas explosion, so they are serious threats to firemen life. This paper introduces the oil-gas explosion suppression mechanism of physical and chemical explosion suppression agents, and discusses the explosion suppression technology of ultra-fine powder and halohydrocarbons gas. Some oil-gas explosion supression experiments are carried out by 20 L apparatus,and the test results indicate that ultra-fine cold aerosol is very compressible and has good flow and dispersion ability, as well as good physical and chemical suppression efficency to oil-gas explosion; 1301 halohydrocarbon gas can completely restrain the combustion and detonation of oil-gas environment, but it is not friendly to the environment. This research can help optimize the suppression condition of oil-gas explosion, so it has important reference values for the further application of explosion suppression technology to the large oil rank farm.

关 键 词：油罐区 油气 抑爆技术 超细干粉 卤代烃气体 

分 类 号：X937[环境科学与工程—安全科学] TE88[石油与天然气工程—油气储运工程]