蟛蜞菊甲醇粗提物对稻纵卷叶螟的拒食及毒杀作用  

Antifeedant and Toxic Effects of Methanol Extracts from Wedelia chinensis on Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Larvae

作　　者：顾庆龙[1,2] 柯名娟[1] 王方海[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学有害生物控制与资源利用国家重点实验室∥昆虫学研究所,广东广州510275 [2]扬州市职业大学,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《中山大学学报（自然科学版）》2012年第6期103-106,共4页Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni

基　　金：有害生物控制与资源利用国家重点实验室创新课题资助项目(SKLBC10B03);广东省自然科学基金资助项目(S2011010001353;031628);国家自然科学基金资助项目(31171844)

摘　　要：采用叶片浸渍法测定了蟛蜞菊茎、叶、花三部分提取物对稻纵卷叶螟2～5龄幼虫的拒食和毒杀作用,主要结果如下:蟛蜞菊茎、叶、花三部位的甲醇提取物对稻纵卷叶螟各龄幼虫均表现出一定的拒食活性,处理24 h后的拒食率分别为80%左右(72.35%～91.11%)、小于60%(40.90%～56.95%)、100%;各龄期幼虫对蟛蜞菊茎的甲醇提取物都具有较强的拒食活性,24 h的拒食率随着龄期的增大有逐渐下降的趋势,其中2龄幼虫的拒食率高达(91.11±3.85)%,而5龄幼虫则下降到(72.35±9.08)%,两者差异达到显著水平;各龄期幼虫对蟛蜞菊叶的甲醇提取物都表现出较弱的拒食活性,其24 h的拒食率最高的也只有(57.84±3.68)%;各个龄期幼虫对花的甲醇提取物都很敏感,24 h的拒食率达到100%,且各龄期之间无论是24 h拒食率还是48 h拒食率均没有显著差异;茎叶部位提取物对稻纵卷叶螟各龄幼虫的毒杀效果都不是很好,而花部位提取物对稻纵卷叶螟低龄幼虫有较好的毒杀效果,处理48 h后对2龄幼虫的致死率高达72.7%,但对高龄幼虫的毒杀作用则明显下降,处理48 h后对4龄或5龄幼虫的致死率均低于30%。The antifeedant activity of Wedelia chinensis Merr. against different instar larvae of rice leaf-folder, Cnaphalocrocis rnedinalis Guenee, were determined by leaf dipping. The results showed that three parts of IV. chinensis had strong antifeedant activity against the larvae of rice leaffolder, the antifeedant rate of the extracts from the stem, leaves or flowers extracts against the 2 - 5nd instar larvae of C. medinalisin24 hours were about 80% （72. 35% -91.11%）, not more than 60% （40. 90% -56.95%）, 100% respectively; All instar larvae had strong antifeedant activity on the methanol extracts from the stems, the antifeedant rate in 24 hours decreased as the increasing of the larval instar, for example, the antifeedant rate of the second instar larvae was up to （91.11 ± 3.85）% , and that of 5th insatr larvae was down to （72.35 ± 9.08）% ; All instar larvae had weaker antifeedant activity on the methanol extracts from the leaves, the highest antifeedant rate in 24 hours was only （57.84 ± 3.68）% ; All instar larvae were very sensitive to the .methanol extracts from the flowers, the antifeedant rate in 24 hours reached 100% , no significantly differences among all instar larvae in the antifeedant rate in 24 hours or 48 hours ; the toxic effects of the extracts from stems or leaves on all instar larvae were not good, but the toxic effects of the extracts from flowers on younger larvae were better, for example, the mortality of the second instar larvae treated by the flower extracts in 48 hour was up to 72.7 % , however the toxic effects on older larvae were dramatic declined, the mortality of the 4th or 5th instar larvae treated by the flower extracts in 48 hour was below 30%.

关 键 词：蟛蜞菊 稻纵卷叶螟 拒食作用 毒杀作用 

分 类 号：Q965[生物学—昆虫学]