古希腊罗马奴隶主的成分和奴隶的工作境遇——兼谈古希腊罗马极少发生大规模奴隶起义的原因  

On the Composition of Slave Owners and Working Situation of Slaves In Ancient Greek and Rome: On the Reasons that Few Large Scale Slave Revolts Happened

作　　者：陈晓阳[1] 

机构地区：[1]包头师范学院经济与管理学院,内蒙古包头014030

出　　处：《阴山学刊》2012年第5期23-27,共5页Yinshan Academic Journal

摘　　要：过去我们认为奴隶社会里奴隶主只是大贵族、大官僚、大地主、大商人等社会上的一小部分人,现在看来是片面的。现代研究表明,除了上述那部分人外,奴隶主还包括普通的农民、市民、手工业者、小商小贩等所有的自由人。奴隶在古希腊罗马的人口中数量庞大,以致于统治阶级为此而心怀恐惧。然而由于时代的局限和经济地位的悬殊,奴隶们并不自认为自己是一个单一的社会阶级,也没有统一的阶级意识,故而也极少发生大规模的有具体斗争目标的奴隶起义。It was once generally accepted that slave owners were just a small portion in the slave society namely the patricians,bureaucrats,landlords and the merchants. While according to the modern studies,besides the above, common peasants, citizens, handicraftsmen, peddlers and any other kind of free men could be slave owners. The huge number of slaves frightened the ruling class in Ancient Greeks and Rome. However limited by the times and economics status,the slaves hadn＇ t a general class consciousness. So few large scale slave uprisings with specific fight- ing target happened.

关 键 词：古希腊罗马 奴隶主 奴隶 工作境遇 

分 类 号：K125[历史地理—历史学]