汉语数量词“一些”的级差含义实验研究——新格赖斯语用学默认理论面临的困境  

An Experimental Study of Chinese Scalar Item “yixie”

作　　者：陈冰飞[1] 张绍杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学外国语学院,吉林长春130024

出　　处：《外国语》2012年第6期53-59,共7页Journal of Foreign Languages

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"双语者语言产生的词汇选择机制及其调节机制"(31170970)

摘　　要：本研究采用心理学实验的方法,通过考察对汉语级差词项"一些"的话语理解的加工时间来探究级差含义的性质。结果表明,汉语数量词"一些"的级差含义"不是全部"在话语理解过程中并非像新格赖斯语用学默认理论所预测的能够迅速产生,而是需要更多的加工时间,表明级差含义的性质更接近于语用推论。这一结果对关联理论提供了进一步的支持。研究结果进一步表明,级差词项的限制性词语对级差含义推论的反应时会产生影响,在语义相对确定的语境中可由语义内容直接引发,而在语义相对不确定性的语境中则需要语境因素的介入。This study, by conducting a psychological experiment, aims to explore the nature of scalar implicatures through testing the processing time of the Chinese scalar item ＂yixie＂ in utterance interpretation. The results reveal that the processing of scalar implicature ＂not all＂ which is generated by ＂yixie＂, is not as fast as what Default Theory has predicted. On the contrary, the calculation of scalar implicatures takes more effort and time, behaving more like pragmatic inferences, which gives support to Relevance Theory. However, the effect of different modifiers of the scalar item ＂yixie＂ suggests that the nature of scalar implicatures changes to some degree in different linguistic contexts, where they can simply be triggered by definite semantic content, or more pragmatic factors would be involved if there is a wider range of possibilities in semantic content.

关 键 词：级差含义 默认意义 语用推论 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]