优秀青年男子排球运动员扣球起跳过程下肢肌肉表面肌电与运动学分析  

Kinematics and SEMG Analysis on the Lower Extremities of Elite Male Volleyball Players during Spiking Take-off

作　　者：齐春燕[1] 王来东[1] 张丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学体育教学部,天津300071

出　　处：《成都体育学院学报》2012年第11期55-59,共5页Journal of Chengdu Sport University

摘　　要：目的:探讨优秀青年男子排球运动员扣球起跳动作的技术关键。方法:使用两台高速摄像机和表面肌电仪对7名优秀青年男子排球运动员扣球起跳动作进行运动学和表面肌电的同步分析。结果:在缓冲阶段,摆臂角度为92.3±3.9°;蹬伸起跳后重心垂直速度为3.6±0.2m.s-1,水平速度为2.1±0.2 m.s-1;缓冲时间为130.2±4.8ms,蹬伸时间为160.1±5.9ms;重心最低时右髋关节角、膝关节角、踝关节角、摆臂角、缓冲时间、垂直速度与起跳高度具有相关性;在缓冲阶段的用力顺序为:腓肠肌、股直肌,最后是其他肌肉的共同作用;蹬伸阶段首先是臀大肌肌电达到峰值;缓冲阶段臀大肌的%IEMG最高为27.7%,蹬伸阶段腓肠肌内外侧头的%IEMG最高分别为19.2%和24%。结论:从外部动作结构和内部肌肉放电情况来看,排球扣球的起跳蹬伸过程是下肢以大关节依次带动小关节运动完成的;缓冲期首先通过踝关节缓冲制动;应该根据研究需要来确定划分动作阶段。Purposes： The paper is to discuss the key techniques of take - off movements of young volleyball players when spiking. Methods：Two STV -LRC and surface electromyography machines are used to synchronously analyze seven young male volleyball players＇ take - off and spiking movements for their kinematics and surface electromyography. Resuits：The arm- swing angle is （92.3 ±3.9°） during the cushioning phase, vertical takeoff velocity of body center of gravity, （3.6 ± 0.2m/s）, horizontal takeoff velocity of body center of gravity, （ 2. 1 ± 0.2 m/s）, the cushioning phase, （130 ±4.8ms） and the extension phase, （160 ±5.9ms）. There is a correlation between eoxa angle, knee angle, ankle angle, arm - swing angle, cushioning phase, vertical takeoff velocity and jumping height. The braking during cushioning phase is performed early by gastrocnemius muscle on the ankle, and then by rectus femoris on the knee and at last by other muscles together. The peak time of the gluteus maximus activities appears earlier than other muscles. The % IEMO of the g]uteus maxlmus activity is up to 27.7% during the extension phase and the high % IEMG of lateral and median sura muscle is 19.2 and 24%. Conclusions： In respect of movement buildup and muscle activities, the extension of jumping movement of power spikes was dependent on the large joints of lower limbs linking the small ones; the braking is done firsdy by the ankle in the cushion phase; the movement phases should be determined according to the research purpose.

关 键 词：青年男排 起跳动作 下肢 运动学 表面肌电 

分 类 号：G842[文化科学—体育训练]