三种排尿训练方法对脊髓损伤患者自主排尿功能恢复的影响  

Effect of three bladder training methods on restore of voluntary urinary voiding among patients with spinal cord injury

作　　者：陈玉梅[1] 刘莉[1] 康玉闻[1] 刘凡[1] 颜玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]佛山市中医院骨科,广东佛山528000

出　　处：《护理学杂志》2012年第22期54-56,共3页

基　　金：2010年广东省佛山市卫生局医学科研立项(2010130)

摘　　要：目的探讨三种排尿训练方式在脊髓损伤患者自主排尿功能恢复中的作用。方法将符合纳入标准的患者随机分为三组各40例,分别使用留置尿管导尿(留置尿管组)、间歇性清洁导尿(清洁导尿组)和间歇性无菌导尿(无菌导尿组)并辅以排尿训练,比较三组患者膀胱功能恢复以及泌尿系感染的情况。结果三组患者膀胱功能恢复及泌尿系感染情况比较,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01),留置尿管组效果最差;而清洁导尿和无菌导尿组膀胱功能恢复情况和泌尿系感染发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05,P>0.0125)。结论间歇性清洁导尿和间歇性无菌导尿训练方式帮助脊髓损伤患者自主排尿功能恢复效果较好,但由于间歇性清洁导尿耗材便宜、住院期间或出院后可由患者或其家属实施,更容易在临床实施和在社区推广应用。Objective Explore the role 3 different bladder training methods in regaining voluntary voiding control among patients with spinal cord injury. Methods Patients who met the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into three groups （40 cases in each group）, receiving either indwelling urinary catheterization （indwelling group）, intermittent clean catheterization （clean group） or sterile intermittent catheterization （sterile group ）for bladder training and voiding training. Recovery of bladder function and urinary tract infection among the 3 groups were compared. Results There were significant differences in recovery of bladder function and rates of urinary tract infection among the 3 groups （P〈0.01 for all）, with the indwelling group having the poorest effect. There were no significant differences between the clean group and the sterile group （P〈0.05 ,P〈0. 0125）. Conclusion Among the three different bladder training methods which are aimed at helping spinal cord injury patients restore voluntary voiding control, the method of indwelling urinary catheter produces the worst effect, while intermittent clean catheterization and intermittent sterile catheterization are even with each other. However, intermittent clean catheterization features itself with lower price materials, and easy operability by patients or their family members whether during hospitalization or after discharge, which favors its clinical implementation and generalization in communities.

关 键 词：脊髓损伤 排尿功能障碍 排尿训练 留置尿管 间歇性清洁导尿 间歇性无菌导尿 

分 类 号：R472[医药卫生—护理学]