中国4A级及以上旅游景点(区)空间可达性测度  

Spatial Accessibility of Scenic Spot at 4A Level and Above in China

作　　者：潘竟虎[1] 从忆波[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《地理科学》2012年第11期1321-1327,共7页Scientia Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41061017);甘肃省高校研究生导师科研项目(2012-14)资助

摘　　要：基于GIS技术,运用栅格成本加权距离算法,计算中国1 063个4A级及以上旅游景点的空间可达性,并测算县域单元的整体可达性,利用空间关联方法分析了县域可达性的空间差异。结果表明:中国4A级及以上景点的空间分布总体上呈现出集聚分布的特点,人文景点的聚集程度明显高于自然景点。全国4A级及以上景点的平均可达性时间为60.5 min,63.29%的景点可达性在120 min以内;所有4A级及以上景点的可达性在全国的分布差异显著,且其空间分布具有明显的交通指向性;人文景点可达性好的区域相对于自然景点更加集中。所有景点、人文景点、自然景点均呈强集聚格局,3种类型可达性热点区域的分布呈现明显的热点-次热点-次冷点-冷点自东向西带状分布的格局。Transit route system is link between tourist destination and tourist market, so the good transit system will provide an important theoretical support for optimizing the distribution of scenic spots for planning-mak- ing. Scenic spot is a very important carrier of tourism activities. The study of the spatial structure of tourism is re- ceiving increasing attention but methodology so far has used qualitative rather than quantitative methods. The criterion of A-grade scenic spot is a tourist ranking classifiable system in China, consisting of almost all the most popular and important tourist destinations in China. Based on an investigation on 1 063 tourist scenic spots with National AAAA grade （4A for short） and using GIS and some quantitative analysis methods, the spatial struc- ture of scenic spots is investigated, with their characteristics and distribution for different strategies being dis- cussed. Based on the matrix raster data, this article calculates the spatial accessibility of all counties in China us- ing cost weighted distance method and ArcGIS as platforms. Then it discusses the spatial differences of county accessibility of scenic spots by ESDA （Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis）. The results show that general scenic spots exhibit an aggregated distribution. Considering the accessibility, it can be found that the human scenic spots are more centralized. The average accessibility is about 60.5 min, and the area where the accessibility of scenic spots within 120 min reaches 63.29%, while the area where the accessibility within 30 min accounts for 19.84% and the longest time needs 595 min which is located at central Tibetan Plateau. The values of the aver- age accessibility of natural scenic spots and human scenic spots are 67.7 and 63.01 min, respectively. And then, the distribution of the accessibility coincides with traffic line. At county level, the estimated values of Moran＇ s I are all positive using the analysis of spatial association. All the test results indicate that scenic spots and

关 键 词：空间可达性 旅游景点 空间结构 GIS 中国 

分 类 号：F592.99[经济管理—旅游管理] K902[经济管理—产业经济]