城镇化路径:转变土地利用方式的根本问题  

Urbanization Path: the Fundamental Problem of Changes in Land Use Patterns

作　　者：朱天舒[1] 秦晓微[2] 

机构地区：[1]新疆大学资源与环境科学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830046 [2]东北电力大学经济管理学院,吉林吉林132012

出　　处：《地理科学》2012年第11期1348-1352,共5页Scientia Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41071086)资助

摘　　要：快速城镇化带来了土地利用效率低、耕地保护受到破坏和耕地安全得不到保障、土壤生态环境破坏等一系列土地问题,同时征地赔偿制度的不健全,造成利益分配不均,农牧民权益受到损害,城乡差距拉大,二元结构明显,影响城乡统筹发展。深化土地制度改革、促进城乡一体发展,首要的不是土地制度,而是城镇化的路径优化选择。统筹城乡发展理论研究和实践主要基于农牧民失地与人口迁徙,未能从根本上系统解决"三农"问题。必须遵行国家主体功能区规划,以合作化为突破口,在保护地域文化结构、生态结构、不改变土地原有属性的前提条件下,通过土地合理利用空间布局创新机制,破除土地二元结构,切实保障农民在合作社组织中实现自治、农业在新产业形态中一体化发展,农村在产业发展的内在动力下实现新型城镇化。同时转变公共行政理念、加强土地生态重整与修复,建构新型城镇化的创新路径。The rapid urbanization brought a series of land issues, such as the low efficiency of land use; the damage to farmland, farmland security and soil ecological environment. Because of the diseased of the land ac- quisition compensation system, it resulted in the uneven distribution of benefits, the infringement of farmers＇ （herdsmen） rights, along with .the widening gap between urban and rural areas, which in turn led to the consoli- dation of dual structure and affected the balance of the urban and rural. To deepen land reform and promote the integration of urban and rural development, the first and foremost is not the land system reform, but the choice of urbanization path. The theory and practice of urban and rural development is mainly based on the landless population migration of farmers and herdsmen, but it failed fundamentally to solve the ＂three rural issues＂. Based on the protection of the geographical cultural structure, ecological structure and not change the condi- tions of the land original properties, it must comply the national main functional area planning and take the co- operation as the breakthrough. Through the land use spatial layout innovative mechanisms, it will break the land dual structure, and effectively guarantee the farmers to achieve cooperative organizations autonomy, to in- tegrate development of agriculture in the form of new industries, and to enforce rural areas＇ new urbanization by the industrial development of intrinsic motivation. Meanwhile, it will construct the new innovative urbaniza tion path, by means of rebuilding the connotation of public administration, reconstruction and repair of soil ecology.

关 键 词：城镇化路径 城乡统筹 土地管理 合作化 

分 类 号：D616[政治法律—政治学]