尖晶石型LiMn2O4酸洗提锂机理研究  

Mechanisms of extracting lithium by spinel-type LiMn_2O_4 with acid elution

作　　者：袁俊生[1] 周俊奇[1] 纪志永[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北工业大学化工学院,海水资源高效利用化工技术教育部工程研究中心,天津300130

出　　处：《功能材料》2012年第23期3197-3200,共4页Journal of Functional Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(20806019);长江学者和创新团队发展计划资助项目(IRT1059);天津市应用基础及前沿技术研究计划资助项目(12JCQNJC03300);河北省教育厅科学研究重点资助项目(2008112,ZH200807)

摘　　要：以高温固相法合成的尖晶石型LiMn2O4前驱体为研究对象,通过对离子筛和离子筛吸附产物的化学分析、X射线衍射图谱分析、热重分析、红外分析和滤液中锂交换量与锰损失量分析,提出并验证了离子筛和吸附产物化学组成式可由LixMn2O4(0≤x≤1)表达,其结构依然保持尖晶石结构,阐明了以盐酸为洗脱剂离子筛提锂过程的氧化还原反应机理,给出了完善的洗脱过程与吸附过程反应式。实验结果表明,洗脱和吸附过程不彻底是导致离子筛吸附量与饱和吸附量相差较大的原因,离子筛中Mn3+歧化是离子筛发生溶损的主因;提出了关于尖晶石型离子筛提锂深入研究关键问题的建议。LiMn2O4 precursor was prepared by high temperature solid-state method. Ghemlcal analysis, A-ray powder diffraction analysis, thermal analysis and infrared analysis of adsorbed and eluted products were characterized, and the corresponding relationships between lithium exchange capacity and manganese dissolved loss were investigated. The chemical compositions of adsorbed and eluted products may be expressed by Lix Mn2O4 （0≤x≤1）, which was proposed and verified for the first time, and their structures remain spinel-type. Redox reaction mechanisms of the adsorption and elution process were described in detail when hydrochloric acid was eluent, and more prefect chemical reaction equations were given. The experimental results showed that elution and adsorption process were not thoroughly and completely result in adsorption capacity of ionic sieve was low compared with saturated adsorption, and the disproportionation of Mn^3＋ leaded to manganese dissolved loss. Furthermore the guiding suggestions for the further researches on extracting lithium with ionic sieve were proposed.

关 键 词：尖晶石型LIMN2O4 吸附 洗脱 机理 

分 类 号：TQ424.2[化学工程]