服刑时间对罪犯心理健康状况的影响  

The Influene of the Term of Imprisonment on Prisoners' Mental Health

作　　者：吴红顺[1] 林榕发[1] 陈育鑫 

机构地区：[1]福建中医药大学管理学院心理教研室(福州),中国350108 [2]福建省榕城监狱教育科

出　　处：《中国健康心理学杂志》2012年第11期1662-1665,共4页China Journal of Health Psychology

基　　金：福建省教育厅A类社科项目"福建省服刑罪犯人格特征及心理健康状况的初步研究"的资助(2010JA10174S)

摘　　要：目的探讨服刑时间对罪犯心理健康状况的影响。方法以症状自评量表(SCL-90)为工具,对福建省某两所监狱的280名罪犯进行了调查。结果与全国常模相比,已服刑时间3年以下的罪犯组、已服刑时间3～5年的罪犯组在SCL-90的大部分因子和总分上存在显著差异,已服刑时间5年以上罪犯组在SCL-90的所有因子和总分上存在极其显著差异(t=6.18,3.95,3.24,4.68,5.29,5.77,4.75,4.93,6.33,5.63;P<0.001);已服刑期不同的罪犯在躯体化、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病性、其他9个因子上和总均分上存在显著差异(F=7.167,P<0.001,F=8.944,P<0.001,F=3.455,P<0.5,F=6.230,P<0.01,F=6.766,P<0.001,F=6.626,P<0.01,F=6.990,P<0.001,F=5.164,P<0.01,F=4.162,P<0.05,F=6.666,P<0.001);捕前职业、年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、犯罪类型、判刑次数对罪犯心理健康水平差异的影响不大,其中仅不同捕前职业罪犯在敌对因子上存在显著差异(F=3.79,P<0.05)和初犯与重犯在焦虑(t=2.11,P<0.05)、敌对(t=2.45,P<0.05)因子上有显著差异。结论服刑时间的长短对罪犯心理健康水平差异的影响很大,应特别重视服刑时间较长罪犯的身心健康,应重视监狱环境对罪犯心理健康的影响。Objective To study the influence of the term of imprisonment on prisoners＇ mental health.Methods A total of 280 criminals in two prisons of Fujian province were tested by SCL-90 scale.Results Compared with the national norm,the scores of the part of the factors and the total were significantly higher in prisoners who had been in jail within three years and between three and five years,the scores of the all factors and the total were significantly higher in prisoners who had been in jail above five years（t=6.18,3.95,3.24,4.68,5.29,5.77,4.75,4.93,6.33,5.63;P0.001）;The results of criminals who had been in jail different terms had significant differences in nine factors（except obsessive-compulsive symptoms）and total score（F=7.167,P0.001,F=8.944,P0.001,F=3.455,P0.5,F=6.230,P0.01,F=6.766,P0.001,F=6.626,P0.01,F=6.990,P0.001,F=5.164,P0.01,F=4.162,P0.05,F=6.666,P0.001）;Their mental health had be little affected by profession,age,marital status,educational level,classification of crimes and criminal times.Conclusion The prisoners＇ mental health have been greatly affected by the term of imprisonment,attention should be paid to the longer term prisoners and the influence of the environment in prison.

关 键 词：犯罪心理学 心理健康 症状自评量表 服刑时间 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]