氯化铵和氯化钾对太湖黄泥土磷的吸持动力学影响的研究  

Effects of ammonium chloride and potassium chloride on kinetics of phosphorus sorption of Taihu Paddy soil

作　　者：李寿田[1,2] 周健民[2] 王火焰[2] 杜昌文[2] 陈小琴[2] 

机构地区：[1]苏州农业职业技术学院,苏州215008 [2]中国科学院南京土壤研究所,南京215008

出　　处：《安徽农业大学学报》2012年第6期944-949,共6页Journal of Anhui Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划973项目(2013CB127401);国际植物营养研究所(IPNI)中国项目共同资助

摘　　要：土壤中磷的移动性、植物有效性和对水体环境的潜在危害性与土壤对磷的吸持反应有关,而铵钾磷共施是农业生产中的普遍现象,因此,本文通过批量培养法,研究了相同摩尔数的氯化铵和氯化钾对磷的吸持动力学的影响,并对磷的吸持动力学进行了不同模型的拟合。结果表明,氯化铵、氯化钾均显著增加了土壤对磷的吸持,在培养初期(5 min),相同摩尔数的氯化铵、氯化钾对磷的吸持量无显著差异,但在15 min～10 d阶段,相同摩尔数的氯化钾对磷吸持量的影响显著大于相同摩尔数的氯化铵。而铵钾共施时,两者对磷的吸持具有协同作用,并主要表现为氯化钾的作用。氯化铵对土壤磷吸持总量无显著影响,氯化钾则显著增加了土壤磷吸持总量,氯化钾和氯化铵处理土壤磷吸收总量则无显著差异。通过比较不同模型拟合的决定系数(R2)大小,不同模型拟合效果顺序为Elovich方程>双常数方程>Parabolic扩散方程>零级方程>一级方程>二级方程。Translocation, plant availability, and hazard potential to water environment of soil phosphorus are related with phosphorus sorption of soil, and it is very common to apply fertilizer by compounding ammonium, potassium and phosphorus together in agricultural production. In this article, the effects of ammonium chloride and potassium chloride on kinetics of phosphorus sorption of paddy soil were conducted by the batch culture, and kinetics of phosphorus sorption was fitted to different models. The results showed that amounts of adsorbed phosphorus were significantly increased by the addition of ammonium chloride and potassium chloride, and there is no significant difference in amounts of phosphorus sorption between ammonium chloride and potassium chloride at the same mole number at the initial culture period, but amounts of phosphorus sorption treated with potassium chloride was significantly more than that of phosphorus sorption treated with ammonium chloride at the same mole number during the period of 15 min to 10 d. Synergistic effect on amount of phosphorus sorption was showed in the case of being treated with ammonium chloride and potassium chloride together, but effect of potassium chloride on phosphorus sorption plays a leading role. Effect of ammonium chloride on total amounts of phosphorus sorption was not significant, while the effect of potassium chloride on total amount of phosphorus sorption was significant, but there is no significant difference in total amounts of phosphorus sorption between ammonium chloride and potassium chloride. Comparison of the coefficients of determination （R2） of different models indicated that the order of equations fitted by the data of phosphorus sorption was ET（elovich type equation ） 〉 TC（tow constant rate equation ）〉 PD（parabolic diffusion equation ） 〉 ZO（zero order equation ） 〉 FO（first order equation ） 〉 SO（second order equation ）.

关 键 词：氯化铵 氯化钾 磷 吸持动力学 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学]