基于复阻抗测量的碳基超级电容器建模研究  

Modeling ultracapacitors based on the complex impedance measurement

作　　者：孙谊[1] 张晓冬[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学电气工程学院,北京100044

出　　处：《电子测量与仪器学报》2012年第11期977-981,共5页Journal of Electronic Measurement and Instrumentation

基　　金：辽宁省科学技术计划(编号:2010220050)资助项目;北京交通大学基本科研业务费(编号:2011YJS064)资助项目

摘　　要：目前的碳基超级电容器模型都有局限性,很难找到一个统一的模型去准确地描述它的电气特性,如果模型包含的元件参数过多,会增加模型复杂性,过少又不能精确描述其动态特性,所以模型的选择,需要各方面权衡。为了更好的描述超级电容器在中小功率应用场合中的电气特性,提出了一种改进的基于复阻抗测量的碳基超级电容器模型。从多孔电极分形结构的角度出发,将电极孔隙近似为两种孔径大小的多孔材料,在分析并赋予每个参数直观物理意义的基础上得到本文的新模型,并计算推导出该模型的数学表达式。选用3个不同容值的超级电容器进行复阻抗测试,分析比较模型计算数据和实际测量数据的基础上进行拟合,拟合结果验证了模型的准确性和普适性。新模型不仅结构简单,仅由5个实数来表示,而且可以精确描述超级电容在宽的频率范围内的静态特性和动态特性,能够广泛的应用在不同的系统中。The current models of carbon-based supercapacitor have limitations, and it is difficult to find a unified model to accurately describe its electrical characteristics. Therefore, it must do a trade-off among all aspects to choose the best model to simulate the designed system. In order to more accurately describe the electrical characteristics of the su- percapacitor, this paper proposed a new model which based on the complex impedance measurement. On the view from the fractal structure theory, the porous electrode was approximately considered to the two pore sizes porous material. Based on the intuitive physical significance for each parameter, the new model was got. Then complex impedances of three different capacitance supercapacitors were measured and the fitting results between calculated data and measured data verified the accuracy and the general applicability of the model. This model is not only simple, which can be repre- sented by five real numbers, but also can precisely describe the static and dynamic characteristics of the supercapacitor in a wide range of frequencies. It can be widely applied in different system.

关 键 词：超级电容器 复阻抗 电气模型 

分 类 号：TM531.4[电气工程—电器]