几种重要环境因子对瘤背石磺人工养殖成活率的影响  

Effects of several key environmental factors on survival of artificial breeding of Onchidium struma

作　　者：沈永龙[1,2] 黄金田[1] 戈贤平[2] 王爱民[1] 吕富[1] 沈楠楠[1] 蔡万存[1] 

机构地区：[1]盐城工学院江苏省滩涂底栖生物重点实验室,江苏盐城224051 [2]南京农业大学无锡渔业学院,江苏无锡214081

出　　处：《南方水产科学》2012年第6期57-64,共8页South China Fisheries Science

基　　金：江苏省科技厅2010年苏北科技发展计划科技富民强县专项资金项目(BN2010050);国家级星火计划项目(2011GA690278);江苏省水产三新工程项目(Y2012-22)

摘　　要：该试验通过模拟生态环境的方式系统研究了温度、盐度和相对湿度等环境因子对瘤背石磺(Onchidium struma)室内养殖成活率的影响。结果显示,当养殖温度为20～26℃且昼夜温差不高于3℃,盐度控制为35左右,相对湿度调节为80%以上,养殖密度低于50只.箱-1(333只.m-3),底泥采用海边高潮线附近的表层粉砂性盐成土,以3 cm的厚度铺于养殖箱底部,光照强度低于70 lx时瘤背石磺死亡率最低,其成活率可达90%以上,且与其他各试验组相比均差异显著(P<0.05)。结果表明,养殖瘤背石磺需控制温度、盐度、相对湿度、养殖密度、光照强度及底泥等各项指标;同时通过模拟生态环境、改善养殖条件等方式能够提高瘤背石磺成活率,从而实现人工条件下的长期养殖。Based on simulate natural ecological environment, we conducted an experiment to explore the effects of several environmen- tal factors such as temperature, salinity and relative humidity on the artificial breeding of Onchidium struma. The results show that the survival reached over 90% and significant difference was observed among the other trail groups （ P 〈 0. 05 ） under the following condi- tions： temperature （20 ～26 ℃ with diurnal temperature range 〈3 ℃）, salinity （35）, relative humidity （ 〉80% ）, stocking density [ 〈 50 ind -tank -1（ 333 ind-m-3） ], sediment （silty halosols on the surface of intertidal with 3 em thickness laid at the bottom of the tank）, light intensity （ 〈 70 1x）. It is revealed that the breeding of O. struma needs control of temperature, salinity, relative humidity, stocking density, light intensity and sediment factors. Besides, the survival can be increased and long-term artificial breeding can be a- chieved by simulating ecological environment and improving breeding conditions.

关 键 词：瘤背石磺 养殖技术 环境因子 成活率 

分 类 号：S968.319[农业科学—水产养殖]