论“民族阵线”时期哥伦比亚的政治重建  

On Colombia Political Reconstruction during the “National Front” Period

作　　者：王萍[1] 任克佳[2] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学世界近现代史研究中心 [2]南开大学历史学院

出　　处：《南开学报（哲学社会科学版）》2012年第6期107-118,共12页Nankai Journal:Philosophy,Literature and Social Science Edition

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(10JJD770021)

摘　　要：哥伦比亚是拉丁美洲较早确立政党政治和实行两党制的国家,其两大传统政党自由党和保守党在国家政治生活中长期处于统治地位。但是两党之间为争夺权力而展开的激烈斗争,严重影响了国家的发展,并导致二战后"暴力时期"和军人政权的出现,使哥伦比亚的政党政治陷入危机。在这种形势下,两大政党通过协议建立"民族阵线",并在这一制度框架下,着手在国家政治领域进行重建工作,旨在将社会生活中各种主要力量纳入由两党政治精英主导的政治框架内,力图巩固两党统治。"民族阵线"时期哥伦比亚政治重建在结束恐怖的"暴力时期",促进经济快速发展,巩固文人统治等方面具有重大意义,但同时也导致了一系列问题的出现,埋下了哥伦比亚传统两党制衰落的种子。Colombia is the country earlier established party politics with the implementation of the two-party system in Latin America,and the two traditional political parties,the Liberal Party and the Conservative Party,are in a dominant position in the national political life for a long-term.However,the struggles for powers between the two parties seriously affected the development of the country which led to the emergence of the military regime as ＂he Period of Violence＂after the World War II to put Colombia＇s political parties politics into crisis.Under this situation,the two parties had to cooperate by signing a series of pacts to set up ＂ational Front＂to reconstruct the country.They planned to collect various important social powers into the political order led by the political elites of the two parties to consolidate the two parties＇ alliance.It is significant in this process to stop the terrified ＂eriod of Violence＂ to promote the rapid development of the economy,and to consolidate civilian rule,however,it also led to the emergence of a series of questions to plant in Colombia＇s traditional two-party system fading seeds.

关 键 词：“民族阵线” 哥伦比亚 两党制 制度安排 

分 类 号：D777.5[政治法律—政治学] K775[政治法律—中外政治制度]