2002年与2011年宁夏农村人群土源性线虫感染状况比较  

Comparison on status of soil transmitted nematodes infection in Ningxia rural populations between 2002 and 2011

作　　者：吴向林[1] 马荣[1] 冯运灵[1] 付益仁[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏疾病预防控制中心,银川750004

出　　处：《国际医学寄生虫病杂志》2012年第6期351-355,共5页International JOurnal of Medical Parasitic Diseases

摘　　要：目的了解宁夏2002年和2011年农村人群土源性线虫感染状况变化，为今后寄生虫病的防治提供科学依据。方法分别于2002年和2011年按全国寄生虫调查方案对宁夏永宁县等7个县（区）的46个调查点的人群采用随机抽样方法抽取调查对象，采用改良加藤厚涂片法检查粪便中蛔虫、鞭虫和钩虫虫卯，对3—12岁儿童采用透明纸肛拭法检测蛲虫虫卵，分析比较2次调查人群土源性线虫感染状况结果。结果2002年查出土源性线虫有蛔虫、蛲虫、鞭虫、钩虫，感染率分别为5．79％（627／10829）、6．65％（171／2570）、0．20％（7／10829）、0．08％（3／10829）；2011年查出的土源性线虫有蛔虫和蛲虫，感染率分别为3．77％（306／8089）和2．89％（204／7042）。2002年，7个县中土源性线虫感染率高于5％的有5个县，其中彭阳县最高，为12．42％；2011年感染率高于5％的县区仅有海原县，为5．06％。两次调查12岁以下年龄组儿童土源性线虫感染率均最高；性别、民族间感染率差异无统计学意义；两个年度学龄前儿童和学生的土源性线虫感染率高于其他职业人群（彘：62．44，P〈0．05；x2 2011=27．29，P〈0．05）。结论宁夏土源性线虫感染率由2002年的6．04％（808／13399）下降到2011年的3．36％（509／15131），但个别经济落后、卫生条件较差地区，学龄前儿童和小学生仍是今后防治工作重点。Objective To understand the changes of soil transmitted nematodes infection status in Ningxia rural population between 2002 and 2011 and provide a scientific basis for prevention and treatment of parasitic diseases in the future Methods Random samples were collected from the residents at 46 survey points in seven counties （districts） of Ningxia according to the National Parasite Survey Program in 2002 and 2011. Roundworms eggs, whip worm eggs, pinworm eggs were detected in the stool with Kato-Katz thick smear and pinworm eggs were detected with cellophane anal swab method for children aged 3 to 12, The results of two survey on soil transmitted nematode infection status were then analyzed and compared. Results The infection rates of roundworm, pinworm, whipworm, hookworm were 5.79% （627/10 829）, 6.65% （171/2 570）, 0.20% （7/10 829）, 0.08% （3/10 829）, respectively in 2002 while there were two species of soil transmitted nematodes i. e. roundworm and pinworm with infection rates of 3.77% （ 306/8 089） and 2.89% （204/7 042） in 2011. In 2002, the total infection rate of soil transmitted nematodes was higher than 5% in 5 out of 7 counties, including the highest Pengyang County with infection rate of 12.42%. In 2011, the total infection rate was higher than 5% （5.06%） only in Haiyuanxian County. The infection rate was highest in children of 12 -year- old age group based on two surveys. There was no significant difference for infection rates between genders or ethnic groups. The infection rates in pre-school children and students were higher than those in other occupational groups （X2 2002 =62. 44,P 〈0. 05 ; X22H =27.29,P 〈0. 05）. Conclusion The infection rate of soil transmitted nematodes in Ningxia was down to 3.36% in 2011 （509/15 131 ）from 6.04% in 2002 （808/ 13 399） , but the preschool and primary school students at individual economically backward areas with poor sanitation are still the focus of prevention in the future.

关 键 词：线虫感染 土源性线虫 感染率 比较 农村 宁夏 

分 类 号：R532.1[医药卫生—内科学]