壳寡糖对干旱胁迫下油菜叶片生理指标的影响  

Effects of oligochitosan on the leaf physiological indices of Brassica napus L. under drought stress

作　　者：李艳[1] 曾秀娥[2] 李洪艳[1] 马清温 赵小明[4] 杜昱光[4] 王青[5] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学生命科学学院,辽宁大连116029 [2]辽东学院医学院,辽宁丹东118003 [3]北京自然博物馆,北京100050 [4]中国科学院大连化学物理研究所,辽宁大连116023 [5]北京市辐射中心,北京100875

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2012年第12期3080-3085,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅项目(2009A427);国家高技术研究发展计划项目(863计划)(2011AA090704);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200903052)资助

摘　　要：以世界主要油料作物油菜(Brassic anapus L.)为研究对象,研究了干旱胁迫下外施壳寡糖对叶片超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性、叶绿素荧光参数及叶片相对含水量的影响。结果表明:壳寡糖处理早期油菜叶片SOD和POD活性明显下降,后期SOD和POD活性明显升高;壳寡糖处理后脯氨酸含量明显升高。壳寡糖还能够诱导光系统Ⅱ最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、光系统II有效光化学量子产量(Fv'/Fm')、光化学荧光猝灭系数(qP)和光系统II电子传递量子产量(ΦPSⅡ)明显提高,同时初始荧光(Fo)和非光化学荧光猝灭系数(qN)明显降低。此外,壳寡糖还能够提高油菜叶片相对含水量。研究表明,外施壳寡糖改善了油菜抗旱相关的生理指标进而增强其抗旱能力。Taking Brassica napus L. , an oil crop broadly cultivated in the world as test object, a greenhouse experiment was conducted to study the effects of oligochitosan on the leaf super oxide dismutase （SOD） and peroxidase （ POD ） activities, proline content, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, and relative water content under drought stress. After spraying oligochitosan, the leaf SOD and POD activities decreased at early stage but increased obviously at late stage, whereas the leaf proline content increased obviously throughout the process. The maximum quantum yield of photosystem II （ Fv/Fm ） , excitation capture efficiency of open centers （ Fv1/Fm1） , photo chemical quenching coefficient （ qP）, and effective quantum yield of photosystem II photochemis try （ФpsⅡ） all increased obviously, while the minimal fluorescence of dark-adapted state （Fo ） and non photochemical quenching coefficient （qN） had an obvious decrease. The leaf relative water content also increased. It was suggested that oligochitosan could improve the related physio- logical indices of B. napus against drought, and further, enhance the drought resistance of the oil crop.

关 键 词：壳寡糖 干旱胁迫 油菜 抗氧化酶活性 叶片相对含水量 叶绿素荧光参数 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]