中国棉花纤维品质和气候因子的空间分布特征  

Spatial distribution characteristics of China cotton fiber quality and climatic factors based on GIS

作　　者：熊宗伟[1,2] 顾生浩[3] 毛丽丽[3] 王雪姣[3] 张立祯[3] 周治国[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学农学院/农业部作物生长调控重点开放实验室,南京210095 [2]中国纤维检验局,北京100007 [3]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100193

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2012年第12期3385-3392,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家棉花产业技术体系项目(CARS-18-18);转基因生物新品种培育重大专项(2012ZX08013010)资助

摘　　要：利用地理信息系统(GIS)对全国主产棉区82个县(市)2005—2011年棉花纤维品质及1981—2010年的逐日平均气象数据进行空间插值处理,建立了基于GIS的全国主产棉区主要棉花纤维品质指标的空间信息系统,并分析了全国棉花纤维品质的区域分布及其与各生态区气候因子空间分布的相关性.结果表明:日照充足、降水量小、平均相对湿度较低的西北内陆棉区(如新疆)是我国优质棉生产区域,其棉纤维长度、马克隆值、品级等品质指标均居国内各棉区首位;长江和黄河流域两大棉区的棉花纤维比强度值较高,其中,长江流域棉区的棉花纤维长度值和比强度值均大于黄河棉区;黄河棉区的马克隆值和感官品级高于长江棉区.棉花品种指标与各生态区气候因子(温度、光照、降水、湿度)有较好的相关性.By using geographical information system （ GIS）, the cotton fiber quality data from 2005 to 2011 and the daily meteorological data from 1981 to 2010 at 82 sites （counties and cities） in China major cotton production regions were collected and treated with spatial interpolation. The spatial information system of cotton fiber quality in China major cotton production regions was established based on GIS, and the spatial distribution characteristics of the cotton fiber quality and their relationships with the local climatic factors were analyzed. In the northwest region （especially Xin-jiang） of China, due to the abundant sunlight, low precipitation, and low relative humidity, the cotton fiber length, micronaire, and grade ranked the first. In the Yangtze River region and Yellow River region, the specific strength of cotton fiber was higher, and in the Yangtze River region, the cotton fiber length and specific strength were higher, while the micronaire and grade were lower than those in the Yellow River region. The cotton fiber quality was closely related to the climate factors such as temperature, sunlight, rainfall, and humidity.

关 键 词：纤维品质指标 气象要素 生态分布 地理信息系统 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]