东北地区火山堰塞湖鱼类区系与群落多样性  

Ichthyofauna and its community diversity in volcanic barrier lakes of Northeast China

作　　者：杨富亿[1] 吕宪国[1] 娄彦景[1] 娄晓楠[1] 薛滨[2] 姚书春[2] 肖海丰[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所湿地生态与环境重点实验室,长春130012 [2]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室,南京210008 [3]哈尔滨师范大学地理科学学院,哈尔滨150025

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2012年第12期3449-3457,共9页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：科技部基础性工作专项(2006FY110600)资助

摘　　要：根据2008—2011年镜泊湖和五大连池鱼类学调查结果和历史资料,分析了东北地区火山堰塞湖鱼类区系特征和群落物种多样性状况.东北地区火山堰塞湖鱼类区系由9目16科47属64种土著种构成,其中国家Ⅱ级野生保护物种1种,中国特有种4种,中国易危种5种;64种鱼类中,鲤形目44种,鲤科37种,分别占优势.东北地区火山堰塞湖鱼类区系由7个区系复合体构成,以东部平原区系复合体为主体;南北方重叠种、北方特有种分别占53.1%和46.9%.东北地区火山堰塞湖鱼类群落Shannon、Fisher-α、Pielou、Margalef和Simpson指数值分别为2.078、4.536、0.575、3.723和0.269,土著种多度分布格局可以用对数正态分布描述;与镜泊湖亚群落间Bray-Curtis、Morisita-Horn、Ochiai、Srensen和Whittaker指数值分别为0.820、0.992、0.870、0.862和0.138,与五大连池亚群落间各指数值分别为0.210、0.516、0.838、0.825和0.175.东北地区火山堰塞湖鱼类区系具有南北方物种相互渗透、古北界与东洋界交汇过渡的特点;群落物种多样性程度较高,物种结构较稳定,但物种丰富度呈下降趋势.Based on the investigations of fish resources in Jingpo Lake and Wudalianchi Lakes in 2008-2011 and the historical data, this paper analyzed the characteristics of ichthyofauna and its community diversity in volcanic barrier lakes of Northeast China. The ichthyofauna in the volcanic barrier lakes of Northeast China was consisted of 64 native species, belonging to 47 genera, 16 families, and 9 orders, among which, one species was the second class National protected wild animal, four species were Chinese endemic species, and five species were Chinese vulnerable species. In the 64 recorded species, there were 44 species of Cypriniformes order and 37 species of Cyprinidae family dominated, respectively. The ichthyofauna in the volcanic barrier lakes of Northeast China was formed by 7 fauna complexes, among which, the eastern plain fauna complex was dominant, the common species from the South and the North occupied 53.1% , and the northern endemic species took up 46.9%. The Shannon, Fisher-a, Pielou, Margalef, and Simpson indices of the ichthyofauna were 2. 078, 4. 536, 0. 575, 3. 723, and 0.269, respectively, and the abundance distribution pattern of native species accorded with lognormal model. The Bray-Curtis, Morisita-Horn, Ochiai, Scrensen, and Whittaker indices between the communities of ichthyofauna in the volcanic barrier lakes of Northeast China and the Jingpo Lake were 0. 820, 0. 992, 0. 870, 0. 862 and 0. 138, respectively, and those between the communities of ichthyofauna in the volcanic barrier lakes and the Wudalianchi Lakes were 0. 210, 0. 516, 0. 838, O. 825, and 0. 175, respectively.The ichthyofauna in volcanic barrier lakes of Northeast China was characterized by the mutual infil- tration between the South and the North, and the overlap and transition between the Palaeoarctic realm and the Oricetal realm. It was suggested that the ichthyofauna community species diversity in the volcanic barrier lakes of Northeast China was higher, the species structure was more stable, but the soeeies richness trende

关 键 词：火山堰塞湖 鱼类群落 鱼类区系 群落物种多样性 东北地区 

分 类 号：S932.4[农业科学—渔业资源]