银杏叶提取物对血管性痴呆大鼠空间学习记忆和海马NMDAR1表达的影响  

The effect of ginkgo biloba extract on spatial learning,memory and expression of hippocampal NMDA receptor-1 subunit in rats with vascular dementia

作　　者：李君[1] 魏涛[1] 张青山[1] 黄颖[1] 张冠群[1] 崔晓[1] 刘君[1] 孙慧勤[1] 

机构地区：[1]徐州市中心医院神经内科,徐州221009

出　　处：《神经解剖学杂志》2012年第6期621-626,共6页Chinese Journal of Neuroanatomy

摘　　要：目的:观察银杏叶提取物(EGb761)对血管性痴呆(VaD)大鼠空间学习记忆和海马N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸型离子型谷氨酸受体1型亚单位(NMDAR1)表达的影响。方法:采用四血管阻断法制备VaD大鼠模型,设立假手术组、模型组、尼莫地平组(10 mg/kg/d,灌胃30 d)和银杏叶提取物组(50 mg/kg/d,灌胃30 d)。利用Morris水迷宫检测大鼠空间学习记忆的改变,采用免疫组化和Western blot技术检测大鼠海马神经元NMDAR1蛋白水平的变化,实时荧光定量PCR技术检测大鼠海马NMDAR1的mRNA表达变化。结果:与假手术组相比,模型组大鼠水迷宫逃避潜伏期延长,撤后台靶象限平均探索次数减少(P<0.05),银杏叶提取物明显改善了VaD大鼠在Morris水迷宫中的学习记忆成绩(P<0.05);假手术组、尼莫地平组与银杏叶提取物组之间比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。模型组大鼠的NMDAR1蛋白及其mRNA在海马CA1区的表达水平较假手术组明显降低(P<0.05);银杏叶提取物组大鼠海马的NMDAR1蛋白及mRNA表达水平较模型组明显升高(P<0.05)。结论:银杏叶提取物可以减轻脑缺血再灌注对海马CA1区神经元的损伤,这可能与上调海马组织内NMDAR1蛋白及mRNA的表达密切相关。Objective： In order to explore the effect of ginkgo biloba extract（ EGb761 ） on learning and memory and the NMDA receptor-1 subunit （ NMDAR1 ） in hippocampal of rat with vascular dementia （VaD）. Methods： The rats were randomly divided into 4 groups ： sham-operated group （ SHAM ） , VD model group （ VaD ） , nimodipine group （ ND ＋ VaD） and ginkgo biloba extract group （ GB ＋ VaD）. The rat VaD model was established according to the method of 4 ves- sel occlusion. The VaD rats were intragastrically treated with ginkgo biloba extract suspension （pharmacognostic 50 mg/ kg/d ） or nimodipine suspension （ 10 mg/kg/d ） for 30 days. The spatial learning and memory abilities were evaluated with Morris Water Maze （MWM） test. The changes of hippocampal NMDAR1 protein were measured with immunohisto- chemistry and Western blot techniques, and the mRNA levels of hippocampal NMDAR1 were determined with real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. Results： Compared with SHAM group, the averaged escaping latency of VaD rats in MWM tests prolonged significantly and the platform crossing time during probe test reduced significantly （ P 〈 0.05 ） . The learning and memory abilities in VaD rats treated with ginkgo biloba extract were significantly improved （ P 〈 0.05 ） ; no significant difference was observed for the learning and memory performances among the SHAM , ND ＋ VaD and GB ＋ VaD （P 〉0.05）. Compared with SHAM group, NMDARI expression in hippocampal CA1 area of VaD rats decreased significantly （P 〈 0.05 ）. Furthermore, the mRNA and protein levels for NMDAR1 significantly increased in VaD rats by ginkgo biloba extract treatment. Conclusion： Ginkgo biloba extract could improves the learning and memory abilities in VaD rats. Its therapeutic effect might be associated with the promoting the expression of NMDAR1 protein and mRNA in the hippocampal of rat.

关 键 词：银杏叶提取物 血管性痴呆 学习记忆 长时程增强 海马 N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体1 大鼠 

分 类 号：R285.5[医药卫生—中药学]