复粒稻花器结构与子房的发育动态  

Flower Structure and Ovary Developing of Multiple-grain Rice

作　　者：曹祖富[1] 黎世龄[1] 陈云风[1] 许丽芳 

机构地区：[1]宜春学院,江西宜春336000 [2]宜春市农业良种研究所,江西宜春336000

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2012年第11期4-7,共4页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：江西省教育厅科技重点项目"杂交水稻两型优性遗传集成研究"(GJJ09363);江西省科技厅农业科技支撑项目"优质温敏核不育系及系列两系杂交稻新组合选育研究"(2010BNB01301)

摘　　要：为明确复粒稻颖花中柱头、子房和米粒的发育特性,对复粒稻品系复816花器结构与子房发育动态进行了观察。结果表明:1)花器中柱头数目为2～13枚,以5～6枚的颖花较多,分别为25.83%和23.02%;子房数目为2～3个的颖花较多,分别为48.81%和38.72%,子房与柱头的比例最大为1∶7;花药数目5～9个,分别为8.16%、14.29%、17.35%、16.33%和3.07%。2)小穗中所有的子房在开花1～2d后膨大,但后期只有部分膨大子房能灌浆发育成完熟米粒;膨大子房数目越多的小穗,成熟后形成复粒的概率越大,但并非形成的米粒数越多;单穗间复粒率变异较大,其中,双粒率的变异范围为13.25%～39.13%,三粒率的变异范围为0～5.89%,群体的平均复粒率为24.86%,含四粒及更多粒的情况极少出现。3)米粒在灌浆发育过程中,靠外颖侧的米粒发育成长最早最快,靠内颖侧次之,而中间米粒成长发育最慢;双粒型内外颖粒重差异表现为靠外颖生长的米粒粒重显著高于靠内颖生长的米粒粒重,但三粒型不同部位米粒重差异不显著。Flower structure and ovary development dynamic of multiple-grain rice 816 were observed to clarify the development characteristics of stigma,ovary and grain.Results： 1） The range of stigmas in a flower was from 2 to 13,and the frequencies of flower with 5~6 stigmas were 25.83% and 23.02%,respectively.The frequencies of spikelet with 2~3 ovaries were 48.81% and 38.72% respectively.The maximum rate of ovary and stigma was 1∶7.The frequencies of flower with 5~9 anthers were 8.16%,14.29%,17.35%,16.33%,3.07%,respectively.2） One or two days after flowering all of the ovaries in spikelet swelled,whereas,only a part of them can develop into mature grains.The spikelet with more swelled ovaries developed multiple-grains more probably than others,whereas,it was not sure that they can developed more grains.The range of frequency of spikelet with multiple-grains was wide： the range of double-grain frequency was 13.25%~39.13% ant that of tri-grain frequency was 0~5.89%,the average of spikelet multiple-grain was 24.86%,but spikelet with more than three grains was rare.3） The outside grains grew earliest and fastest and the inside grains grew slower than the outside,and the middle ones grew slowest.The weight of outside grains were significantly higher than that of inside grains in double-grain spikelet but it was not significantly different in tri-grains spikelet.

关 键 词：复粒稻 花器构造 子房发育 发育动态 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]