扩散渗析法回收不锈钢钝化液中HNO_3和HF  

Recovery of nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid from passivation solution of steels by diffusion dialysis

作　　者：王昆[1] 刘飞[1] 邢卫红[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京工业大学材料化学工程国家重点实验室,江苏南京210009

出　　处：《南京工业大学学报（自然科学版）》2012年第6期78-82,共5页Journal of Nanjing Tech University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)资助项目(2009AA033005);江苏省高校科研成果产业化推进资助项目(JH07-014);江苏省自然科学基金资助项目(BK2008504);江苏省高校自然科学基金资助项目(10KJB530002);江苏省环保厅资助项目(201018)

摘　　要：采用扩散渗析法回收不锈钢钝化废液中的HNO3和HF,考察单组分酸、混合酸的回收率和废酸流量、温度、金属离子浓度等因素对扩散渗析过程的影响。结果表明:扩散渗析过程中HNO3回收率大于HF;酸回收率随着废酸流量增大而减小;温度升高有利于酸扩散透过膜;Fe3+浓度对截留率影响不大。对于不锈钢钝化废酸液体系,扩散渗析对于H+和Fe3+具有良好的分离效果,常温下,废酸流量为170 mL/h时,总酸回收率为85%,其中HNO3回收率为90%,HF回收率为40%,Fe3+的截留率达到95%以上。Recovery of nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid produced in passivation process of steels by diffusion dialysis was studied.The recovery rates of one-component nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid were investigated.Effects of flow rate,temperature and concentration of iron ion on mixed acid solution diffusion dialysis were analyzed.The results showed that it was an effective way to separate mixed acid solution by diffusion dialysis.The recovery rate decreased with the increase of the flow rate.Increasing the temperature was beneficial to the acid diffusion through the membrane.Under the operating condition of flow rate of 170 mL/h at normal temperature,the retention rate of iron ions was more than 95%,the recovery rate of total acid was more than 85% with nitric acid 90% and hydrofluoric acid 40%.

关 键 词：膜分离 扩散渗析 HNO3 HF FE3+ 

分 类 号：TQ028.8[化学工程]