华莱士:达尔文的骑士  

Wallace:Darwin's Knight

作　　者：刘利[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学人文与社会科学学部人文学院,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《自然辩证法通讯》2012年第6期106-114,128,共9页Journal of Dialectics of Nature

基　　金：辽宁省社会科学规划基金项目(L11CZX011);大连理工大学基本科研业务费专项项目(3009-852020)

摘　　要：华莱士时常与达尔文一同出现在科学史叙事中。他独立发现自然选择原理,促成《物种起源》问世,在"达尔文革命"中坚定捍卫达尔文主义,被同行誉为达尔文"真正的骑士"。然而他在思想上并没有唯达尔文马首是瞻,而是发展出一套奇特的"灵学进化论",努力将钱伯斯—达尔文的自然进化学说与进步主义者的乌托邦理想协调起来。他曾成为当时一名出色的公众意见领袖,而后却随着维多利亚时代的光芒一道消隐了。Wallace and Darwin often appear together in the context of the history of science.Wallace independently discovered the principle of natural selection and then triggered Darwin's publishing On the Origin of Species.In the 'Darwinian revolution',he defended the former firmly and was called Darwin's 'true knight' by his colleagues.However,he did not follow Darwin's doctrines conventionally,but developed a 'psychic evolutionism' to attune the Chambersian-Darwinian naturalistic evolutionism to the progressive Utopian idealism.He was once a famous leader of public opinions,but then became 'an elusive Victorian' after the Victorian Age came to an end.

关 键 词：华莱士 达尔文 自然选择“灵学进化论” 维多利亚时代 

分 类 号：N0[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]