离心泵汽蚀断裂工况原因的数值模拟分析  

Numerical Analysis for Causes of Cavitation Fracture Working Condition on Centrifugal Pump

作　　者：王秀礼[1] 袁寿其[1] 朱荣生[1] 俞志君[2] 

机构地区：[1]江苏大学流体机械工程技术研究中心,江苏镇江212013 [2]江苏振华泵业制造有限公司,江苏泰州225500

出　　处：《核动力工程》2012年第6期101-104,114,共5页Nuclear Power Engineering

基　　金：国家杰出青年科学基金(50825902);江苏省自然科学基金攀登项目(BK2009218);国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAF14B04)

摘　　要：为研究离心泵发生汽蚀后出现流量-扬程曲线陡降的原因,基于ANSYS CFX软件应用标准k-ε湍流模型、均质多相模型和Rayleigh-Plesset方程,对比转速为59的离心泵在不同工况下其内部的汽蚀特性进行数值模拟,并与试验结果进行对比,结果表明:数值模拟结果与试验结果一致,绝对误差为0.02%。流场分析表明,流量-扬程曲线下降的原因不是由单纯传统意义上的汽蚀引起的,主要是由于流道内的空泡增多到一定程度后使液体发生边界层分离产生的漩涡损失而引起的,从漩涡初生时就开始对流量-扬程产生影响,当整个流道都充满漩涡时,就会出现汽蚀断裂工况,初步揭示了泵内部汽-液两相流场的分布规律。In order to research the flow-head curve plunge caused by the cavitation of centrifugal pump, the standard k-ε turbulence model, homogeneous multiphase model and Rayleigh-Plesset equation were applied to simulate the cavitation characteristics in a centrifugal pump with specific speed of 59 under different conditions based on ANSYS CFX software. The results show that the numerical simulation result has the same trend with experiment result, and absolute error is 0.02%. The analysis of flow field shows that： the steep fall of flow-head curve is not only caused by the traditional cativation, but also mainly caused by the Vortex loss. As the empty bubble in the passageway increases to some degree, the liquid boundary layer separation happened, then vortex appears and vortex losses. While the vortex appears originally, it has an impact on the flow-head curve. When the bubble becomes more and the whole passageway is full of vortex, cavitation fault condition happens. It reveals the vapor-liquid tow-phase flow distribution within the centrifugal pump.

关 键 词：离心泵 汽蚀 断裂工况 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TH311[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]