青藏高原草地生态系统生物量碳库研究进展  

Review of Researches on Biomass Carbon Stock in Grassland Ecosystem of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

作　　者：高添[1] 徐斌[1] 杨秀春[1,2] 金云翔[1] 马海龙[1] 李金亚[1] 于海达[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所农业部农业信息技术重点实验室,北京100081 [2]新疆农垦科学院农田水利与土壤肥料研究所,石河子832000

出　　处：《地理科学进展》2012年第12期1724-1731,共8页Progress in Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40701055);国家高技术研究发展专项(863)(2006AA10Z242;2008AA121805);农业部草原资源状况遥感监测以及草原资源与生态监测项目

摘　　要：准确认识青藏高原草地生物量碳库及其变化规律对研究区域碳循环与合理利用草地资源具有重要意义。通过综述相关文献,将青藏高原草地生物量碳库的研究方法与结果概括如下:①当前草地生物量碳库的估算方法主要有4种:文献记录法、实地调查法、遥感—植被指数法和过程模型法等,而估算方法、采样标准与地下生物量估算是导致结果差异的主要因素;②文献结果显示,青藏高原草地生物量的平均碳密度为223 g/m2,碳库为277TgC(1Tg=1012g);③采用遥感的估算结果表明,近20年来青藏高原草地地上生物量碳库呈增加的趋势,总体处于碳汇状态;④影响青藏高原草地地上生物量的主要因子是降水量,温度对生物量的影响还存在不确定性,人为干扰也是影响草地生物量的重要因素。目前青藏高原草地生物量碳库的研究仍存在着一些问题,应从基础观测数据、遥感模型算法与碳—氮—水耦合过程模拟等方面开展更为深入的研究。It is critical to know Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau＇ s grassland biomass carbon（C） stock and its dynamics in order to study the regional C cycle and sustainable use of grassland resources. After reviewing the publications, the authors present a summary of methods and results in the studies of biomass C stock in grassland ecosystem of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. （1） Four methods are mainly used in this field： searching in literature and documents, field measurement, remote sensing of vegetation/vegetation indices, and process modeling. In the practice, methods of estimation, quality standards for sample collection, and underground biomass estimation are the most important factors impacting the results. （2） According to the published literature, biomass C density of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau＇ s grasslands is approximately 223g/m^2, and can be translated to a total grassland bio- mass C stock of 277 Tg C （1Tg=10^12g）. （3） The estimation results based on remote sensing indicate that the biomass C stock of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau＇ s grasslands increased over the past 20 years, suggesting that alpine grasslands might have functioned as a biomass C sink. （4） The above ground biomass C stock of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau＇ s grasslands is strongly affected by precipitations, while the role of temperature is unclear. In addi- tion, human activities are considered to be a crucial factor affecting grassland biomass C stock as well. Problems remain in the studies of biomass C stock in grassland ecosystem of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau; more thorough in- vestigations are needed in the fields such as data acquirement in the basic field measurements, optimization of algorithms for remotely-sensed vegetation indices, and process modeling of carbon- nitrogen- water coupling cy- cle in the alpine ecosystem.

关 键 词：青藏高原 高寒草地 生物量碳库 碳汇 气候变化 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]