对烷基苄基聚氧乙烯醚羧酸甜菜碱的合成与表面活性  

Synthesis of p-(n-Alkyl)-benzyl Polyoxyethylene Ether Carboxybetaine and Its Surface Activity

作　　者：董林芳[1,2] 徐志成[2] 靳志强[2] 宫清涛[2] 赵濉[2] 俞稼镛[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院研究生院,北京100039 [2]中国科学院理化技术研究所,北京100080

出　　处：《精细化工》2012年第12期1163-1166,共4页Fine Chemicals

摘　　要：以脂肪酸、苯、二缩三乙二醇为原料,经酰化反应、黄鸣龙还原反应、氯甲基化反应、威廉逊成醚反应、卤化反应、季铵化反应,合成出了3个对烷基苄基聚氧乙烯醚羧酸甜菜碱两性离子表面活性剂。用IR、1HNMR和ESI-MS对产物进行了结构鉴定。用Wilhelmy-plate法测定了30℃时它们在水溶液中的临界胶束浓度(CMC)和临界胶束浓度下的表面张力(γCMC)。实验表明,纯水溶液中表面活性剂的临界胶束浓度(CMC)为10-4～10-6mol/L,临界胶束浓度下的表面张力(γCMC)为27～30 mN/m;随着苯环上长链烷基碳数(n=8、10、12)的增加,CMC分别为1.12×10-4、1.51×10-5、6.21×10-6 mol/L;γCMC分别为27.9、28.4、29.9 mN/m。结果表明,该类表面活性剂具有比较好的表面活性。Three kinds of novel surfactants of p- （n-alkyl） -benzyl polyoxyethylene ether carboxybetaine were synthesized from fatty acid, benzene and triethylene glycol through Friedel-Crafts acylation, Huang-Minlon reduction, chloromethylation, Williamson reaction, halogenation and quaterisation reaction. The structures of the products were characterized by means of IR, 1bINMR and ESI-MS methods. The critical micelle concentration（CMC） and the surface tension at the CMC （3/CMC） of the surfactants in aqueous solution at 30℃ were measured by means of the Wilhelmy-plate method. The results show that the values of CMC reached the order of magnitude of 10-4 x 10-6 mol/L and the values of CMC were 27 - 30 mN/m. The CMC （ respectively 1.12 x 10-4,1.51 x 10-5,6.21 x 10-6 mol/L） was observed to decrease along with the increase of carbon atom number（n =8,10,12） of the substituted hydrophobic chain of benzene ring, however, ＇）/CMC （ respectively 27.9,28.4,29.9 mN/m） increased as the number of carbon atoms increases. The experiment results show that these surfactants have high surface activity.

关 键 词：对烷基苄基聚氧乙烯醚羧酸甜菜碱 两性离子表面活性剂 CMC ycmc 

分 类 号：O647[理学—物理化学]