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作 者:解宗方[1]
机构地区:[1]河南省农业科学院农业经济与信息研究中心,河南郑州450002
出 处:《中国人口·资源与环境》2012年第12期115-122,共8页China Population,Resources and Environment
基 金:河南省财政农业科研专项基金项目"河南省粮食核心区建设的‘两提’战略研究"(编号:2012-196-56)
摘 要:建立三螺旋粮食安全模型,对促进主产区粮食生产和保障国家粮食安全具有重要意义。结合粮食生产情况,利用统计数据,对粮食生产过程中的突出问题、时序动态和空间变化进行分析。随着粮食产量的增长,区域发展和农民收入差距拉大,土地高产出(粮食单产)与资源低效率并存,粮食生产成本的增加与粮食价格不能同步提高,出现粮食主产区财政收入和农民纯收入的"双低"现象,成为影响粮食安全的障碍因素。在此基础上,建立了粮食安全三螺旋模型,提出了保障国家粮食安全的政策建议。即在保障途径上,要实现中央政府、地方政府和农民农户目标的协调耦合;在策略行为上,粮食安全利益相关者之间的行为适度,利益均衡,互让互动,共生共长。充分发挥中央政府主导性、地方政府主动性和农民农户主体性,促进粮食综合生产能力提高、粮食产业能力提速和农民发展能力提升的良性循环,探索一条粮食产量与农民收入同步提高、主产区与主销区利益协调和不以牺牲粮食主产区生态和环境为代价的粮食生产持续稳定和谐发展之路。Establishing grain security model based on the triple helix theory is important to promote the grain production in major grainproducing areas and safeguard national food security. The outstanding issues in the grain production, the temporal dynamics and spatial variations, were analyzed with statistical data and combined with the current grain production situation. The income gap either between farmers or between different regions are becoming bigger along with the increasing grain yields, the high grain yield and the low efficiency of resource co-exist at the same time. The increasing cost of grain production and the stable grain price make the income of the farmer and the government fiscal revenue both lower. These have become the obstacle to food security. This paper establishes a triple helix model for food security and proposes the policy for national food security, and it is suggested realizing the coordination of the goals of the central government, local governments and farmers in the safeguard way, and realizing the behavior moderation, benefit balance, interactive deference and mutual interaction among the food security counterparts in the aspects of strategy behavior. By fully developing the guidance of the central government, the initiative of local governments and the independence of farmers, a positive cycle with the increase of comprehensive grain productivity, the increase of the grain industry ability and the increase of farmers' self developing ability will be promoted. The paper explored a way of sustained, stable and harmonious development which complies with the principle of synchronization to improve food production and farmers' income, and coordinates the benefit between the major producing areas and sales areas without the sacrifice of the interests for ecology and the environment in the major grain producing areas.
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