假体植入偏差对TKA后膝关节面间力学特性的影响  

EFFECTS OF THE PROSTHETIC IMPLANTATION DEFLECTIONS ON THE MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF KNEE ARTICULAR SURFACES AFTER TOTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY

作　　者：卫晓东[1] 张高龙[1] 黄荣瑛[1] 郑红光[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学机械设计系,北京100191

出　　处：《工程力学》2012年第A02期226-232,共7页Engineering Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50975013)

摘　　要：该文基于含假体膝关节的实体模型,构建包含股骨假体植入偏差的直立位TKA后膝关节模型,通过有限元仿真,分析了TKA术的假体植入偏差:股骨假体的内/外移偏差、前/后移偏差、内/外旋偏差及内/外翻偏差对含假体关节面间的力学特性的影响。分析结果表明:股骨假体相对胫骨的内翻偏差对胫骨假体衬垫的最大等效应力和接触应力分布的影响最显著。因此,在全膝关节置换手术中,应尽量减小股骨假体与胫骨间的内/外翻偏差,以控制假体关节面间的应力变化及应力分布变化,来降低胫骨假体衬垫的磨损,该文的分析结果能够为膝关节假体磨损及抗磨损膝假体形面设计提供参考。Based on the human knee model with prosthesis, finite element models of the knee model with prosthetic implantation deflections in standing position after total knee arthroplasty are built. Finite element simulations are performed to investigate the effects of the prosthetic implantation deflections in total knee arthroplasty on the mechanical characteristic of knee articular surfaces. The prosthetic implantation deflections include the deflections of medial-lateral translation, anterior-posterior translation, internal-external rotation and varus-valgus rotation of femoral component. The results show that varus deflection of the femoral component affects the Contact Press distribution and maximum Von Mises stress of the femoral component obviously. Therefore, varus-valgus rotation angle should be controlled to the minimum level to decrease the effects of the changes of stress distribution between the knee articular surfaces on the wear of polyethylene tibial component. This study can provide reference information concerning the wear of polyethylene tibial component and surface design of antiwear prosthesis.

关 键 词：全膝关节置换 植入偏差 胫骨假体衬垫 力学特性 有限元 

分 类 号：TB12[理学—工程力学] R318.01[理学—力学]