过渡金属酸盐在催化反应中的应用  

Applications of Transition Metallates in Catalysis

作　　者：王洒洒[1] 孙辉 陈胜洁[1] 尤洪星[1] 刘晔[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市绿色化学与化工过程绿色化重点实验室华东师范大学,上海200062 [2]昆山市精细化工研究所有限公司,昆山215337

出　　处：《化学进展》2012年第12期2287-2298,共12页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.21076083;21273077)资助

摘　　要：过渡金属酸盐因其催化性能优良、价格低廉、容易获得、毒性低、稳定性良好等特点,成为广受关注的一类催化剂。金属酸盐是指一类含有配合物阴离子的离子型化合物,其配合物阴离子包括中心金属和与其相配位的多个配体基团:中心金属为过渡金属元素,配体为氧离子(金属氧酸盐,如WO42-,PMo12O403-等)、硫离子(硫代金属酸盐,如MoS42-等)或卤素离子(卤代金属酸盐,如PtCl62-,TiF62-等)。通过改变中心过渡金属元素和抗衡阳离子的组成,可在分子水平上对金属酸盐进行性能调控。但过渡金属酸盐在催化领域中的研究多集中于金属氧酸盐,本综述则涵盖了包括金属氧酸盐、硫代金属酸盐、氰基金属酸盐和卤代金属酸盐等多种过渡金属酸盐作为催化剂在催化反应中的应用。另外,本文还着重介绍了过渡金属酸盐催化剂与离子液体结合使用,从而实现其循环使用的研究。Transition metallates have attracted much attention as one important kind of transition metal containing catalysts with the advantages of low cost, commercial availability, less toxicity, and good stability. Metallate is the name given to any complex anion containing a metal ligated to several atoms or small groups. Typically, the metal will be one of the transition elements and the ligand will be oxygen （ oxometallate ： WO4^2- , PMo12O40^3-, etc. ）, other chalcogenide （thiometallate： MoS4^2-, etc. ）, or halogen （halometallate： PtCl6^2-, TiF6^2- , etc. ）. The properties of metallates can be controlled by transition metal substitution and the countercations alteration at molecular levels. However, most of the research on applications of metallates in catalysis is focused on oxometallates. In this review, besides oxometallates, the other kinds of transition metallates such as thiometallates, cyanometallates, and halometallates as the efficient catalysts in catalytic reactions are also summarized. Furthermore, the use of metallates in combination with ionic liquids is emphasized herein, which is regarded as a promising method to guarantee the recyclability of metallate catalysts.

关 键 词：金属酸盐 金属氧酸盐 卤代金属酸盐 硫代金属酸盐 催化 离子液体 

分 类 号：O643.3[理学—物理化学] O614[理学—化学]