虚拟空间语言学研究现状和展望  

The Retrospect and Prospect of Researches on Virtual Proxemics

作　　者：戴琨[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学外国语学院,西安710062

出　　处：《心理科学》2012年第6期1358-1365,共8页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：教育部陕西师范大学基础教育课程研究中心陕西师范大学基础教育研究专项基金(JCJY201206);陕西师范大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(11SZYB04);陕西省社科界重大理论与现实问题研究项目(2011Z019)的资助

摘　　要：传统空间语言学研究范式已经难以适应符号学当前研究的需要,本文探讨了以虚拟现实技术为支持的虚拟空间语言学的现存研究范例及其在下列七大方面的创新点:兼顾高内部效度和外部效度、保证个人空间的无意识加工特性、可精确控制非言语行为额外变量、保证凝视的平衡作用、实现拥挤压力源的实验研究、实现对实验环境和实验刺激精确的可重复性、优化传统数据收集方法。最终提出了该创新研究范式在本土化符号学和跨文化非言语交际学研究领域中所呈现出的重要理论价值和实践意义。American cultural anthropologist Hall took the initiative in proposing the concept of proxemics, which is the practical application of semiotics in the context of cross-cuhural communication. Proxemics focuses on investigating the laws of behavior governing human personal space and realizing the cultural construction of relevant theories. Most of the studies in traditional proxemies were conducted before the mid-1980s. The four major paradigms are as follows： simulation method/projective method, stop distance method, chair selection method and natural observation method. Thereafter, the academic attention on personal space significantly declined and the relevant studies almost stagnated. The major reasons are the diversified fundamental defects inherent in the paradigms of traditional proxemies, such as low ecological validity, lack of accuracy etc. It is rather difficult for the paradigms of traditional proxemics to adapt to the current research needs of semiotics. Consequently, virtual proxemics dependent on virtual reality emerges. Virtual proxemies focuses on the applicability in the virtual world of the behavior norms of spatial language implicit the real-world. Literature reviews of virtual proxemics reveal the following results ： firstly, the realworld socio-eultural norms of personal space are also applicable in the virtual world; secondly, the adopted virtual field experimentation is characterized by high validity and reliability, random and representative sampling, and absolute reproducibility of the research results; thirdly, while guaranteeing high external validity, researchers can precisely control diversified experimental conditions, such as virtual avatars, details of virtual experimental environment and extraneous variables of nonverbal behavior; fourthly, the applicability of the relevant research results in the real world is considerably high. Seven innovating breakthroughs of virtual proxemics are discussed： the ability to guarantee simultaneously high internal validity and high ex

关 键 词：虚拟空间语言学 符号学 个人空间 拥挤 虚拟现场实验研究 

分 类 号：H0[语言文字—语言学]