由四乙酰基二甲酰基六氮杂异伍兹烷合成六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷  

Synthesis of Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane from Tetraacetyldiformylhexaazaisowurtzitane

作　　者：欧育湘[1] 徐永江[1] 陈博仁[1] 刘利华[1] 王才[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学化工与材料学院,北京1000081

出　　处：《有机化学》2000年第4期556-559,共4页Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry

摘　　要：六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷(HNIW)是一笼形硝胺,它是迄今已知的能量最高的高能量密度化合物(HEDC),本文由四乙酰基二甲酰基六氮杂异伍兹烷(TADFIW)合成了HNIW。所合成的HNIW中含有少量(2％～3％)的未硝解完全的副产物,经分离鉴定,确定其为五硝基一甲酰基六氮杂异伍兹烷(PNMFIW)。以此路线合成HNIW有以下优点:催化剂耗量低,反应条件温和,得率高,流程简单等。Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (HNIW) is a polycyclic cage nitramine and the most powerful high energy density compound (HEDC) ever tested. The authors have synthesized HNIW in a yield of 82% in a yield of 72% by the nitrolysis of tetraacetyldiformylhexaazaisowurtzitane (TADFIW) using a complex nitrating agent. Condensation of two benzyl groups at the six - membered ring of tetraacetyldibenzylhexaazaisowurtzitane (TADBIW) into two formyl groups in formic acid gave TADFIW in 72% yield. As described in the literature, TADBIW was prepared from hexabenzyl - hex-aazaisowurtzitane (HBIW) via hydrogenolysis in the presence of Pd(OH)2 catalyst. It was found that the HNIW thus obtained contained a small amount (2% -3%) of incompletely - nitrated product, which was later separated and characterized as pentanitromonoformylhexa - azaisowurtzitane (PNMFIW). The separation of PNMFIW from crude HNIW was carried out using a chromatographic column packed with silica - gel, with acetone as solvent and petroleum benzine (b.p.90 - 120℃ )/ethyl acetate (4:1, V: V) mixture as extracting agent respectively . The analytic results for all the involved compounds are summarized in Table 1. The simple HNIW synthetic method possesses the following advantages: low consumption of catalyst, mild reaction conditions and high yielding.

关 键 词：六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷 TADFIW 合成 HEDC 

分 类 号：TQ564[化学工程—炸药化工]