普外科术后感染高危因素调查研究  

Risk factors for infections after general surgery

作　　者：陈雪秋[1] 颜晓潭 

机构地区：[1]浙江省玉环县中医院外科,浙江玉环县317600

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2012年第24期5533-5534,5564,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的分析影响普外科患者术后感染的高危因素,为临床加强手术患者管理,合理使用抗菌药物提供指导。方法以医院普外科2009年10月-2011年12月收治的814例患者为研究对象,对其一般资料、手术相关因素以及抗菌药物使用等进行调查。结果 814例患者中发生术后感染47例、60例次,术后感染率为5.8%、例次感染率为7.4%;其中皮肤、软组织和泌尿道感染者各7例次,各占11.7%;上呼吸道感染11例次,占18.3%;下呼吸道感染9例次,占15.0%;切口感染6例次,占10.0%;胃肠道感染4例次,占6.7%,血液感染者11例次,占18.3%,其他部位感染5例次,占8.3%;患者的年龄、机体素质、手术时间、手术类型、住院时间以及抗菌药物使用等与患者术后感染的概率具有密切关系(P<0.05)。结论患者年龄、机体素质以及手术相关因素是患者术后感染的高危因素,外科医师应结合患者自身特点制定合理的手术计划,将感染风险降至最低。OBJECTIVE To explore and analyze the risk factors for the infections after the general surgery so as provide basis for the managenment of the patients and the reasonasle use of antibiotics.METHODS A total of 814 patients admitted to hospital for general surgery from Oct 2009 to Dec 2011 were chosen as the research objects.The general information for patients,surgery-related factors,and antibiotic usage for the patients were taken for investigation.RESULTS The infections occurred in 47（60 case-times） of 817 patients after the surgery,the infection rate was 5.8% and the case-time infection rate was 7.4%;there were 7（11.7%） case-times of patients with the skin,soft tissue,and urinary tract infections,11（18.3%） case-times of patients with the upper respiratory tract infections,9（15.0%） case-times of lower respiratory tract infections,6（10.0%） case-times of incision infections,4（6.7%） case-times of gastrointestinal tract infections,11（18.3%） case-times of blood infections,and 5（8.3%） case-times of other site infections.The age,body quality,operation duration,type of surgery,hospital stay,and antibiotic use were closely related to the incidence of postoperative infections（P 0.05）.CONCLUSION The age,body quality,and surgery-related factors are the risk factors for the postoperative infections,and the surgeon should develop the reasonable surgical plan by combining the patients′ characteristics on their own so as to minimize the risk of the infections.

关 键 词：普外科 术后感染 高危因素 

分 类 号：R619.3[医药卫生—外科学]