小麦胚乳A、B型淀粉粒粒度分布与晶体特性相关性研究  

Relationship between Size Distribution and Crystalline Properties for A,B Type Starch Granule in Wheat Endosperm

作　　者：银永安[1,2] 齐军仓[2] 李卫华[2] 曹连莆[2] 陈林 

机构地区：[1]新疆天业(集团)有限公司,新疆石河子832000 [2]石河子大学农学院,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《作物杂志》2012年第6期42-47,共6页Crops

基　　金：国家"863"项目-主要粮食作物滴灌关键技术与装备(2011AA100508);国家自然科学基金"小麦子粒淀粉粒的形成;淀粉合成酶活性及酶基因表达差异的研究"(30860145)

摘　　要：为深化小麦淀粉品质育种研究,以4个不同淀粉含量的小麦品种为材料,微量法提取总淀粉粒后用Microtrac S3500型激光粒度分布仪测定淀粉粒粒度分布;再以分离纯化的A、B型淀粉粒为材料利用X光衍射仪(D8 ADVANCE)对其晶体特性进行测定与分析。结果表明,4个品种A、B型淀粉粒的体积与表面积分布成双峰分布,数目分布成单峰分布,A型淀粉粒体积分布显著高于B型淀粉粒的,表面积及数目分布则相反。A型淀粉粒的结晶度均显著高于B型淀粉粒的,且与A型淀粉粒的体积分布呈极显著正相关,与其表面积分布和数目分布相关性不大,但与B型淀粉粒表面积和数目分布依次呈显著和极显著负相关。B型淀粉粒的结晶度与其体积分布呈极显著负相关,而与其表面积和数目分布依次呈显著和极显著正相关。Starch granules isolated from four wheat cultivars with different starch content were chosen to study,in order to reinforce the quality research on wheat starch. Size distribution of starch granules were studied using Sample Delivery Controller （Microtrac S3500） and crystalline properties of A, B type starch granules were studied by X- Ray Generator （ D8 ADVANCE）. The results of size distribution showed that the volume and surface area in wheat endosperm displayed a bimodal distribution while the number displayed a single peak ; what＇ s more, the volume dis- tribution in A type starch granule was notable larger than that of B type, however, both the distribution of surface ar- ea and number in A type starch granule were notable smaller than that of B type. The results of crystalline properties showed that crystalline value of A type starch granule was totally notable larger than that of B type in four wheat cul- tivars with different starch content. The analysis of correlation relationship study between size distribution and crys- talline properties showed that the crystallinity of A type starch granules had extremely positive significance associat- ed with the volume of A type, but had negative or extremely negative significance with surface area and number dis- tribution of B type starch granule, thus the crystallinity of B type starch granules had extremely negative significance with the volume of A type, whereas had positive significance or extremely significance with surface area and number distribution of B type starch granule in wheat.

关 键 词：小麦 胚乳 A B型淀粉粒 粒度分布 晶体特性 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]