不同磷水平下大豆植株磷素积累与转运动态的研究  

Research of Phosphorus Accumulation and Dynamics of Transportation in Soybean under Different Phosphorus Levels

作　　者：于洋[1] 马春梅[1] 龚振平[1] 吴冬婷[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学农学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《作物杂志》2012年第6期68-73,共6页Crops

基　　金：国家科技支撑项目(2006BAD21B01);黑龙江省科技攻关项目(GA09B104-1)

摘　　要：以绥农14为试验材料,土壤设置5个磷素处理水平,对大豆不同生育时期不同器官的磷素积累分配与转运规律进行研究。结果表明:苗期(V3)大豆叶、茎、根的磷素积累均随土壤磷素水平的提高而显著增加;而到鼓粒盛期(R6),26.62mg/kg土壤磷素水平更有利于荚果磷素的积累;到成熟期(R8),大豆荚果磷素积累量远大于大豆植株其他器官,16.68mg/kg土壤磷水平下更有利于子粒中磷素的积累。营养生长阶段(V3～R1),随土壤磷水平升高,磷素积累量和积累率随之升高,但当土壤磷水平为31.37mg/kg时,磷素积累量和积累率又有所降低;到营养生长和生殖生长并进阶段(R1～R5),积累率以低磷5.68mg/kg所占比重大,45%磷素在此区段积累;生殖生长阶段(R5～R8),除低磷5.68mg/kg水平积累量和积累率极低外,其他处理约有三分之一的磷积累。大豆荚果中的磷素来自营养器官的转移比例:叶>茎>根>叶柄;荚果中的磷素30%以上来自营养器官的转入,其中低磷5.68mg/kg水平转移率最高,达59.65%,随土壤磷水平的增高,其转移率呈波动变化,变幅在29.08%～41.95%之间。The experimental material was SN14 （Sui-nong 14）, the soil was set at five phosphorus levels. Phosphor- us accumulation and dynamics of transportation on different organs of soybean were researched at different growth periods. The results showed ： （ 1 ） At seedling stage （ V3 ）, phosphorus accumulation of leaves, stems and roots of soy- bean had a significant increase with the increase of soil phosphorus level. At the peak of seeding stage （R6 ）, the 26.62mg/kg soil phosphorus level was more conductive to the phosphorus accumulation of pods;at the full maturity stage （ Rs ）, soybean pod phosphorus accumulation was much higher than the other organs of the soybean, the 16.68mg/kg soil phosphorus level was more conducive to the accumulation phosphorus of seeds. （2）At the vegeta- tive growth stage （ V3 - R1 ）, with the increase of soil phosphorus level, the phosphorus accumulation and rate of accumulation increased but when the soil phosphorus level was at 31.37mg/kg,they reduced. At the vegetative and reproductive growth stage （ R1 - R5 ）, the rate of accumulation of 5.68mg/kg soil phosphorus levels was much high- er, and 45 % of phosphorus was accumulated in this section. At the reproductive growth stage （ R5 - Rs ）, the other treatments had about one-third of the phosphorus accumulation without 5.68mg/kg soil phosphorus level. （3）Phos- phorus in the soybean pods was the highest proportion transferred from leaves, followed by stems, roots and petioles. The phosphorus in pods was transferred more than 30% from the vegetative organs, the transfer rate of 5.68mg/kg soil phosphorus level was the highest （59.65 % ）, with the increase of soil phosphorus level, the transfer rate fluctua- ted from 29.08% to 41.95%.

关 键 词：大豆 磷水平 积累 转运 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]