稠油催化水热裂解降黏实验研究  

Experimental study on the catalytic aquathermolysis viscosity reduction of heavy oil by steam injection

作　　者：秦文龙[1] 肖曾利[1] 吴景权[2] 孔鹏 陈炜斌 

机构地区：[1]西安石油大学陕西省油气田特种增产技术重点实验室,陕西西安710065 [2]长庆油田分公司第一采油厂,陕西延安716000 [3]长庆油田分公司第四采油厂,宁夏银川750006 [4]长庆油田分公司第八采油厂,陕西靖边719000

出　　处：《西安石油大学学报（自然科学版）》2012年第6期93-96,1+12,共4页Journal of Xi’an Shiyou University（Natural Science Edition）

基　　金：陕西省教育厅科研计划项目“新型水热裂解催化剂的研制及其在稠油改质中的应用”(编号:2010JK784)和“稠油超稠油油藏复合波波动/化学协同提高采收率技术”(编号:11JK0780)

摘　　要：采用高温高压反应釜模拟研究了稠油在开采过程中全温度段(50～300℃)条件下的催化水热裂解降黏反应,利用元素分析仪和高效液相色谱分析了稠油元素组成和族组成变化,利用旋转流变仪测试并分析了稠油黏度变化及黏温特性,初步探讨了200℃以下的稠油催化水热裂解降黏的实质.结果表明:稠油在低温条件下水热裂解反应降黏以破坏弱化学作用力为主,稠油降黏率与重质组分减少密切相关.有催化剂存在时,稠油催化裂解作用的主要温度在150～200℃,反应24 h降黏率可达到80%以上.The catalytic aquathermolysis viscosity reducing process of heavy oil in the temperature range of 50～300 ℃ is studied using high-temperature reactor,and the element composition and the group composition of heavy oil are analyzed using element analyzer and liquid chromatography.The viscosity-temperature characteristics and the viscosity variation of heavy oil are tested by rotational rheometer.The viscosity reducing mechanism of heavy oil below 200 ℃ is mainly studied,and the result shows that at lower temperature,the aquathermolysis viscosity reducing mechanism of heavy oil is mainly destroying weak chemical interactions,the viscosity reduction rate is closely related with the reduction of heavy components in heavy oil.And with catalyst,the aquathermolysis of heavy oil occurs mainly in the temperature range of 150～200 ℃.While reaction time is beyond 24 h,the viscosity reduction rate can reach to 80 %.

关 键 词：稠油 水热裂解 催化 降黏 低温 

分 类 号：TE345[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]