微波等离子体光谱技术的发展(一)  

Development of Microwave Plasma-atomic Emission Spectrometry(A)

作　　者：辛仁轩[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学核能与新能源技术研究院,北京100084

出　　处：《中国无机分析化学》2012年第4期1-9,共9页Chinese Journal of Inorganic Analytical Chemistry

摘　　要：微波等离子体光源是一类有较强激发能力的原子发射光谱光源,主要包括微波感生等离子体光源(MIP),微波电容耦合等离子体光源及微波等离子体炬光源。文章分两部分,第一部分介绍了微波感生等离子体光源的结构原理和性能,并对它们的技术特点和进展进行评述。低功率微波感生等离子体光源用于直接测定溶液中某些痕量金属元素是比较困难的,如Pb,Hg,Se等元素,但它已成功地与气相色谱联用用于测定C,H,O,N,S等难激发的非金属元素。高功率磁场激发的氮-微波感生等离子体光源(N2-MIP),允许使用通用玻璃同心雾化器产生湿试液气溶胶直接进入等离子体核心,等离子体能稳定运行,其分析性能近似于商用ICP光源,且运行费用低廉,是有发展前景的一种新型原子发射光谱光源。The microwave plasma excitation source is one type of the exciation sources for atomic emission spectrometry with relative high excitation capacity. The main microwave plasma sources include low-power and high-power microwave induced plasmas, microwave plasma torch （MPT） and eapacitively coupled mi- crowave plasma（CMP）. The review is divided into two parts, the first part was presented in this paper mainly describing instrument principle and analytical performace of various microwave induced plasmas sources. The characterics as well as latest development of the sources were introduced in detail. The low-power microwave induced plasma sources are often difficult to be applied directly in determi- nation of trace metals, e.g. Pb, Hg and Se, etc. , in solution. However, being coupled with gas phase chromatography, they have been successfully used for analysis of non-metal elements, such as C, H, O, N and S, which are hard to be excited by microwave induced plasma sources alone. High-power magnetic field excited nitrogen coupled with microwave plasma （N2-MIP） allows the liq- uid aerosol, which was generated by a conventional meinhard nebulizer, transporting directly to the core of the plasma. The plasma source has a good stability and its analytical performance is close to those of com- mercial ICP-speetrmeter. The operation cost is low. The prospect of this new source is promising.

关 键 词：微波等离子体光源 微波感生等离子体光源 微波等离子体光谱仪 评述 

分 类 号：O657.31[理学—分析化学] TH744.1[理学—化学]