东寨港红树林区大型底栖动物多样性研究  

Biodiversity of Macro Zoobenthos in Mangrove Forest Around Dongzhai Harbor

作　　者：马坤[1,2] 黄勃[2] 刘福欣[2] 

机构地区：[1]枣庄市台儿庄区环境保护局,山东枣庄277400 [2]海南大学海洋学院,海南海口570228

出　　处：《生态与农村环境学报》2012年第6期675-680,共6页Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41176084);国家科技支撑计划(2009BADB2B0404-02);海南大学植物学国家重点学科的资助

摘　　要：于2010年3—12月对海南东寨港红树林区进行4次采样,研究该地大型底栖动物生物量、栖息密度的时空变化规律以及不同季节红树林群落大型底栖动物物种多样性的差异。结果表明,不同季节大型底栖动物的种类、数量差异极大,大型底栖动物种类以冬季为最多(45种),夏季为最少(28种),生物量以秋季为最高(272.78 g.m-2),夏季为最低(165.93 g.m-2),密度以冬季为最大(679.25 m-2),夏季为最小(504.95 m-2)。对各站位大型底栖动物的生物量、栖息密度及不同红树群落底栖动物的物种多样性指数、丰富度指数和均匀度指数进行站位-季节间无重复的双因素方差分析,结果显示栖息密度、多样性指数和丰富度指数在季节间差异显著(P<0.05),生物量、均匀度指数在站位间差异显著(P<0.05)。分析表明温度、盐度、底质和红树种类是导致大型底栖动物物种多样性存在差异的主要因素,东寨港红树林恢复有利于底栖动物生物量及物种多样性的增加。During the period from March to December 2010, four sampling surveys were carried out to study population, density and biodiversity of macro zoobenthos in the mangrove forest around the Dongzhai Harbor, and their temporal and spatial variations. It was found that the differences were very significant between seasons in population and diversity. The animals were the most diversified in winter （45 species found） and the least in summer （28 species found）. The highest biomass was observed in autumn 272. 78 g ·m-2 and the lowest in summer 165.93 g · m-2. The highest density was ob- served in winter （679. 25 m-2 ） and the lowest in summer （504. 95 m 2 ）. Two-factor ANOVA was used to analyze effects of station and season on density, biomass and evenness index of the macro zoobenthos （Shannon-Wiener, H; Margalef, DM ; Simpson, E）. It was found that the temporal variations of the density, biodiversity and richness indices were signifi- cant （ P 〈 0. 05 ） and the spatial variations of the biomass and evenness indices were significant （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The analysis also indicates that temperature, salinity substrate and species of mangrove are the leading factors affecting biodiversity of the macro zoobenthos. Restoration of the mangrove forest around the Dongzhai Harbor will help increase biomass and spe- cies diversity of the macro zoobenthos therein.

关 键 词：红树林 大型底栖动物 物种多样性 东寨港 

分 类 号：S718.54[农业科学—林学] Q948.12[生物学—植物学]