284例水痘的流行病学分析  

Epidemiology of varicella in 284 patients

作　　者：段淑红[1] 董全民 苑晓冬[1] 刘梅生[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京世纪坛医院感染科 [2]疾病控制科,北京100038

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2012年第23期5302-5304,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的研究医院2007-2010年水痘患儿的发病状况及流行趋势,为卫生部门及时制定水痘预防控制措施提供依据。方法统计2007年1月-2010年12月医院门诊就诊的水痘患者资料,根据水痘报告及疫情监测资料进行描述性流行病学分析。结果共统计了284例患者,男∶女为1.07∶1;水痘的发病年龄集中于4～10、14～16岁及≥18岁;以小、中、大学生及外地来京青年为主,并且在各年间的分布并不相同(P<0.01),4～10岁患儿在全部患者中的构成比大体呈逐年下降趋势,分别占29.41%、25.81%、25.76%及18.18%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);14～16岁年龄段及外地来京者的成人水痘在各年间比例不同,呈逐年增加趋势(P<0.01)。结论医院周边地区水痘发病者是以中学生较多,但其构成比逐渐下降,而流动人口水痘患者的发病是以≥18岁的外地来京青年为多,且构成比呈逐年上升;发病高峰是每年2～4月份。OBJECTIVE To study the epidemiologic characteristics and trend of varicella in the hospital from 2007 to 2010, so as to provide the health departments the scientific evidences for formulating the prevention and control strategies for varicella. METHODS The methods of descriptive epidemiology were used to analyze the surveillance data on varicella from Jan 2007 to Dec 2010. RESULTS A total of 284 patients were enrolled in the study, the ratio of the male and female was 1.07 ： 1, varicella concentrated in the 4-10 years of age, 14-16 years of age and more than 18 years of age; almost all the outbreaks of varicella happened in the elementary, middle school and college students and the youth staying in Beijing, varying in different years （P〈0. 01）, the proportion of the patients aged between 4 years old and 10 years old kept an down ward tendency, the incidence rates were 29. 41%, 25.81%, 25.76 % and 18.18 %, the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.01） ; the patients aged between 14 and 16 years of age varied in the proportion in different years, keeping an upward tendency （P〈0. 01）. CONCLUSION The middle school students are the major population with varicella around the hospital, but its composition is decreasing; the youth staying in Beijing aged more than 18 years old is the majority among the floating population with varicella, and its composition keeps an upward tendency; the peak of the epidemics is between Feb and Apr.

关 键 词：水痘 流行病学 资料分析 

分 类 号：R373.12[医药卫生—病原生物学]